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三 峡 大 学
2004年研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：综合英语 总分150
（所有答案必须写在答题纸上）
Ⅰ.Information about English Linguistics and Literature:
Complete the following statements: (30分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号。
1.Various models of teacher learning have been suggested; the three ones, as described in Wallace (1993), are (1)______ model, the applied science model and (2)__________ model.
2. A language course may be based on pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, or on the more “communicative” categories of topic, (1)________, notion and (2)_________.
3. In the past half century, language teaching and learning practices have been influenced by three different views of Language: (1)_______, the functional view and (2)____________.
4. The term (1)__________is used in contrast to Noam Chomsky’s term (2) _______________, which is understood as the tacit knowledge of language structure and the ability to use this knowledge to understand and produce language.
5. Two of Ferdinand de Saussure’s students, (1)____________and Albert Sechehaly, collected lecture notes from his students and put them together to produce the great work: (2) ___________________in 1916.
6. P. Grice suggests that there is a set of assumptions guiding the conduct of conversation. This is what he calls the (1) __________________. And he formulates its (2)____________.
7.There are two major approaches to error analysis ---(1)_____________ and (2)__________________.
8. The concept of pronunciation may be said to include: phonology, (1) ________ and (2) _______, intonation.
9. Although people’ understanding of communicative language teaching varies, the following three principles, which have been suggested by Richards and Rodgers, have been generally agreed upon1)_________, (2)_________, and meaningfulness principle.
10. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis has two major thrusts: (1)__________, (2)__________.
11. Generally speaking, Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies written in the second period are (1)________________, (2)________________, (3)_________________, and (4) _________________.
12. The greatest of the English humanists was Thomas More, who is the author of (1)_________.
13. (1) ________________ is a literary movement which came into being in England early in the latter half of the 18th century. With the publication of William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge in 1798, the literary movement began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature. During this period, many famous English writers such as (2)____________________, (3)_____________________,(4) _________________ etc. wrote beautiful poems or prose.
14. The author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is (1)____________.
15.Yan Fu’s three-character translation principle includes (1)____________, (2)________________, (3)_____________.
16.In terms of mode, translation can be divided into (1)____________, (2)___________, (3)______________.
17.When we render as poor as a church mouse into 一贫如洗, the translation method we’ve used is (1)__________ _________; when we render killing two birds with one stone into 一石二鸟, the translation method we’ve used is called (2)_________ __________.
18.Lin Shu is a great Chinese translator and his masterpieces are (1) ___________ (2) ___________.
Ⅱ.Choose the right one from A.B.C.D for each blank20分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号。
1. Linda _____ the famous director into giving her a leading role in one of his plays and she became instantly successful.
A. cheated B. coaxed
C. attracted D. tempted
2. Lydia was very _____ of her twin sister Lucy’s good achievements in school, and decided to catch up with her.
A. envious B. happy
C. pleased D. jealous
3. While most scientists grant that ________ life may well exist elsewhere in the universe, a convincing photograph of a UFO has yet to be taken.
A. important B. intelligent
C. clever D. intellectual
1. Since World War 11, Canadian literature has gained in volume and ________ , reflecting and encouraging a raised national consciousness.
A. characteristics B. productivity
C creativity D. creation
2. Police usually scan fingerprints electronically and then search the criminal database to ________ fingerprints so as to identify the criminal.
A. understand B. match
C. study D. analyze
3. The attached device ________ your electric fan into a desk lamp.
A. changes B. transforms
C. alters D. converts
4. Now the new engine is ______ more and more public attention.
A. receiving B. accepting
C. obtaining D. focusing
5. This encyclopedia is the most ______ berrorad, for it gives me lots of knowledge.
A. educating B. fascinating
C. enlightening D. instructing
6. Burning coal produces carbon dioxide, which may ____ the greenhouse effect and global warming.
A. contribute to B. account to
C. result from D. bring around
7. Perspective drawing aims to represent the actual three-dimensional_______ of an object from a given point of view.
A. angle B. appeal
C. area D. aspect
8. During our holiday in Venice we went on a few _______ to places nearby.
A. voyages B. trips
C. journeys D. travels
12. Qualifications are not absolutely _______ , but some previous experience is useful.
A. basic B. essential
C. fundamental D. elementary
13. Your work is ______, but I’m sure you could do better.
A. enough B. sufficient
C. adequate D. appropriate
14. Confectionery is _____ .
A. cakes B. spice
C. meats D. sweet foods
15. _______ is a metric unit of capacity.
A. Litre B. Kilogram
C. Metre D. Inch
16. The sprinkler system installed in buildings is usually activated by heat from a fire, and the sprinkler heads then _____ water over the fire area.
A. discharge B. pour
C. give away D. throw
17. Concerned with the worldwide pollution problems, people from all walks of life are struggling to ________ the impact of human activity on the natural world.
A. decrease B. degrade
C. lessen D. lower
18. In his speech, there is no information _____ to the recent development in cancer research.
A. belonging B. bringing
C. leading D. pertaining
19. For some serious coin collectors, a coin with a different date, mint mark, and even a little______ in design is counted as a different coin.
A. contrast B. diversity
C. variety D. variation
20. In different historical times, governments have ______ by various means to promote the common welfare of the members of the society over which it exercises control.
A. decided B. endeavored
C. manoeuvred D. struggled
III. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank 10分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号
prison defence
guilt criminal
defendant afford
verdict cross-examine
attend right
innocence court
evidence at
offence tried
counsel appeal
unanimous prosecution
Since (1) law in Britain presumes the innocence of the accused until his (2) has been proved, the prosecution is not granted any advantage over the defence. A (3) has the right to employ a legal adviser for his (4) and if he cannot (5) to pay he may be granted legal aid wholly or partly (6) the public expense; if remanded in custody he may be visited in (7) by his legal adviser to ensure that his defence is properly prepared.
During the trial the defendant has the right to hear and subsequently to (8) (normally through his counsel) all the witnesses for the (9) to call his own witnesses who, if they will not to (10) the trial of their own free will, may be legally compelled to attend; and to address the (11) either in person or through his (12), the defence having the (13) to the last speech at the trial.
In criminal trials by jury the judge determines questions of law, sums up the (14) for the benefit of the jury, and acquits the accused or passes sentence according to the (15) of the jury; but the jury alone decides the issue of guilt or (16). Verdicts need not necessarily be (17) in certain circumstances the jury may bring in a majority verdict provided that, in the normal jury of 12 people, there are not more than two dissentients.
If the jury returns a verdict of “ not guilty”, the prosecution has no right of (18) and the defendant cannot be (19) again for the same (20).
Ⅵ. English composition. (50分)
Read the following passage and then write a fluent and well-organized essay of 400 words at least, in which you make comments on the passage. Your essay should include: (1) the main idea of the passage and (2) your views about them, giving brief reasons.
British Doctors Urge Public Smoking Ban
Britain’s most senior doctors urged the government Tuesday to follow the example of Ireland and many U.S. cities and impose a ban on smoking in public.
An alliance of doctors’ leaders said passive smoking kills 1.000 people each year in Britain and causes asthma, lung infections and ear diseases in children.
The presidents of Britain’s Royal Colleges of medicine, independent professional bodies, said a workplace ban alone would cut many deaths from passive smoking and could lead an estimated 300,000 people to give up.
“The time has come to make public places smoke-free,” they wrote in a letter to the Times newspaper. “Most find cigarette smoke unpleasant and irritating and the majority of smokers and non-smokers would prefer public spaces to be smoke-free.”
Lord Greville Janner----a peer in the ruling Labor party and a long-term term campaigner against smoking --- welcomed the letter and said he would urge the government to heed its call.
“If this…is carried into effect, it will reduce deaths from both active and passive smoking by tens of thousands every year,” he said in a statement.
But junior health minister Melanie Johnson rejected the idea of a ban, saying it would not get public support.
“The ban idea is still premature,” she told BBC radio. “There is a great deal more to be done by way of public persuasion and education.” She said a lot more could be done to reduce smoking on a voluntary basis.
Anti-smoking campaign group ASH said that was not enough. “If the government has rejected calls for a new law, then it must spell out what exactly it does intend to do about the problem,” ASH director Deborah Arnott said.
“To rely on voluntary action without clear timetable targets and government support would be to fail those whose health is threatened by second-hand smoke and to abandon a vital weapon in the armory of tobacco control.”
In July, Britain’s Chief Medical Officer Liam Donaldson said the government should follow Ireland and New York and ban smoking in public places, including Britain’s beloved pubs.
The European Commission said in September it was considering using worker safety laws to ban smoking in cafes, bars and restaurants. It has launched a series of measures to crack down on the habit, including a ban on tobacco advertising and stark warnings on cigarette packets.
Smoking kills more than 120,000 Britons each year and more and more young people are taking up the habit, according to the Department of Health. |
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