文都白新律阅读翻译基础班资料1

阿让 · 发表于 2009-11-16 21:43:59

下面是白新律上发的资料，后面的译文都是他亲自翻译的，绝对没有他人代笔，大家看看就知道了，有助于大家切实提高阅读和翻译能力。
同时我也练练打字，打得眼睛都花了：-）

                                    第一篇
New York Times—February 27, 2008
Gas Prices Soar
油价高涨
Gasoline prices, which for months lagged behind the big run-up in the price of oil, are suddenly rising quickly, with some experts saying they could approach $4 a gallon by spring. Diesel is hitting new records daily, and oil settled at a record high of $100.88 a barrel on Tuesday.
The increases could not come at a worse time for the economy. With growth slowing, energy expendables that were once easily absorbed by consumers are now more likely to act as a drag on household budgets, leaving people with less money to spend elsewhere. These costs could worsen the nation’s economic woes, piling a fresh energy shock on top of the turmoil in credit and housing.
“I used to fill it up pretty regularly, but now I drive it until the tank is almost empty, looking for the cheapest place to buy gas,” said Ms. Berry, a 31-year-old factory worker in Cleveland.
“You’re adding an oil shock on top of a crunch on credit and a housing collapse,” said Nigel Gault, an economist at Global Insight. “Even the U.S. economy cannot withstand all of that at the same time.”
American consumers have responded belatedly by cutting back on their energy use. Oil demand in the United States grew by just 0.4 percent in 2007 and is expected to be flat in 2008.
But global oil demand, the relentless driver behind higher prices, is still expected to increase by 1.4 million barrels a day this year, analysts estimate. That growth, from China and the Middle East, may help keep prices up, whatever happens to the American economy.
According to the latest forecast by the Energy Department, gasoline prices should peak near $3.40 a gallon this spring.
But many analysts consider the government’s forecast conservative, foreseeing a sharper spike as refiners come out of the seasonal maintenance period and start producing summer-grade gasoline in March and April.
Mr. Kloza said he expected gasoline to peak around $3.50 to $3.75 a gallon nationwide. Geoff Sundstrom, AAA’s spokesman, echoed that view and added that gas at $4 a gallon is possible this summer.
“The remorseless move up in long-run prices has not yet fully played out,” Barclays analysts said in a note to investors.
While demand keeps growing, producers are struggling to catch up. They are not replacing the oil they are pumping out of the ground fast enough because of restrictions on access to fields, as well as rising costs. Meanwhile, demand in China, India and the Middle East is expected to push oil consumption up by more than one million barrels a day, each year, for the next decade.
“An oil crisis is coming in the next 10 years,” John B. Hess, the chairman of the Hess Corporation, said at a recent conference held by Cambridge Energy Research Associates. “It’s not a matter of demand. It’s not a matter of supplies. It’s both.”
484字经济
【核心词汇】
gasoline ['g?s?li:n]n. 汽油
gallon ['g?l?n] n. 加仑
lag [l?g]n. 落后,滞后v. 落后vi. 走得慢,落后
diesel ['di:z?l]  n. 柴油机,内燃机
barrel ['b?r?l]n. 枪管,炮管,桶vi. 快速移动vt. 把...装桶
［真题例句］Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December.［2002年阅读3］
［例句精译］自从石油输出国组织在3月决定减少原油供应，原油的价格便从去年12月的不到10美元一桶上升到约26美元一桶。
absorbed [?b's?:bd] a. 全神贯注的,一心一意的
v. 吸收,吸引,使全神贯注vbl. 吸收,吸引,使全神贯注
drag [dr?g] n. 拖,拖累v. 拖累,拖拉,慢条斯理地走
woe [w?u] n. 悲哀,悲痛,苦痛,不幸,困难
piling ['paili?] n. 打椿,椿材,打椿工程
turmoil ['t?:m?il] n. 骚动,混乱
tank [t??k]n. 水槽,池塘,战车 v. 储于槽中
［真题例句］“It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity,”says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think tank in Washington, D.C.［2000年阅读1］
［例句精译］华盛顿特区的智囊团——卡托研究院的史蒂芬?莫尔说：“看到我们的企业正在提高自身的生产率，作为一个美国人，我感到自豪。”
crunch [kr?nt?]v. 嘎扎嘎扎的咬嚼,压碎,扎扎地踏过n. 咬碎,咬碎声,扎扎地踏
collapse [k?'l?ps]n. 崩溃,倒塌v. 倒塌,崩溃,瓦解
withstand [wie'st?nd]v. 抵抗,对抗,经得起
relentless [ri'lentlis]a. 无情的,冷酷的,残酷的
controversialist  n.争论者，好争论者
［真题例句］ In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, see the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.［2005年阅读4］

［例句精译］语言学家约翰?麦克沃特（John McWhorter）喜好争论，他的观点混杂着保守派与自由派的看法，在他的近作《做我们自己的事：语言和音乐的退化，以及为什么我们应该喜欢或在意》一书中，这位学者认为20世纪60年代反文化运动的胜利要对正式英语的退化负责。
spike [spaik]n. 长钉,钉鞋v. 以大钉钉牢,使...失效
refiner [ri'fain?] n. 精练者,精练机,推论精细的人
【难句解析】
1、       Gasoline prices, which for months lagged behind the big run-up in the price of oil, are suddenly rising quickly, with some experts saying they could approach $4 a gallon by spring.
几个月以来，美国汽油价格的涨幅一直落后于石油价格的涨幅，但是近期却骤然出现大幅的提升。
该句主干为“Gasoline prices…are suddenly rising quickly…”；which引导定语从句，修饰前面的prices；with引导的介词短语做状语，起修饰作用。
2、       With growth slowing, energy expendables that were once easily absorbed by consumers are now more likely to act as a drag on household budgets, leaving people with less money to spend elsewhere.
由于经济增长缓慢，过去民众所能轻易消耗掉的能源商品，现在却占去了家庭预算的一大部分，使得民众在其他地方就没有多少钱可用了。
该句主干为“energy expendables…are now more likely to act as…”；with引导的介词短语做状语，修饰主句；that引导定语从句修饰前面的expendables；逗号后面的现在分词结构leaving做状语，表结果。
3、       They are not replacing the oil they are pumping out of the ground fast enough because of restrictions on access to fields, as well as rising costs.
因为受到开采限制，他们无法加快产油速度，而且产油成本也在不断上升。
该句主干为“They are not replacing the oil…”；they are pumping out of the ground fast enough为定语从句，修饰前面的oil；because of引导介词短语，表原因。
【全文精译】
几个月以来，美国汽油价格的涨幅一直落后于石油价格的涨幅，但是近期却骤然出现大幅的提升。业内专家预测，春季汽油价格可能涨至 4美元/加仑。柴油的日价格纪录也在不断刷新；周二的石油价格则维持在每桶100.88美元的高点上。
就目前的美国经济状况而言，这波油价的上涨来得真不是时候。由于经济增长缓慢，过去民众所能轻易消耗掉的能源商品，现在却占去了家庭预算的一大部分，使得民众在其他地方就没有多少钱可用了。成本的增加也会让美国经济更加惨淡，在混乱的信贷市场上再外加一记能源打击。
“以前我随时都可以把油加满，但是现在我会驱车找最便宜的地方去加油，直到油箱里没有油了为止。”居住在Cleveland现年31岁的工厂工人Berry女士说道。
“美国经济正在饱受油价上涨和房贷危机的双重打击。”环球视野的经济学家Nigel Gault说, “美国经济很难承受得住这样的打击。”
美国消费者慢慢地减少对能源使用。2007年美国石油需求仅增长了0.4%，预计2008年仍会维系在这个范围。
但是据分析师推测，作为节节攀高的油价的无情推动者，每日全球石油需求可达 140万桶。中国、印度、中东地区对石油的旺盛需求使油价一直居高不下，这无疑将对美国经济产生消极影响。
根据美国能源部最新预估数据，汽油价格在今年春节可能攀升至3.40美元/加仑。
但许多分析师认为政府的预测过于保守，他们表示随着炼油厂结束季度性检修以及将在三、四月份开始生产夏季用油，油价会攀升得更高。
Kloza先生预估全美汽油价格的顶峰可达每加仑3.50-3.75美元之间。美国汽车协会发言人Geoff Sundstrom不仅响应前者说法，更认为夏季油价可能突破每加仑 4美元的大关。
Barclays银行的分析人士提醒投资者，“油价持续上涨的势头还未完全显现。”
虽然石油需求仍然保持增长态势，但生产商只能勉强跟上步伐。因为受到开采限制，他们无法加快产油速度，而且产油成本也在不断上升。同时，中国、印度和中东地区对汽油的巨大需求更进一步推动了油价的上涨。预计这几个国家在未来十年的每一年的石油日需求总量都将以100万桶的速度递增。
“未来十年将会出现石油危机。”Hess Corporation的主席John B. Hess近期在剑桥能源研究协会的一次会议上断言，“这既不是单纯的需求问题，也不单是供给方面的原因。它是这两个因素共同作用的结果。”

                                                第二篇
Art Investing—July, 2007
Art Investing
艺术投资
Art investing is an industry that requires both business expertise and a taste in artistic style. Instead of investing in a piece of real estate or a stock, the investor purchases a piece of art to hold and eventually sell for profit. Unlike other business investments, however, art investing isn't as regulated or exact an industry.
Before a purchase is made in a piece of art, a lot of research should be done. The artist's history, exhibition record and training are some of the most important factors to consider before making a purchase.
An investor not properly researching a piece can essentially mean the difference between a good investment and a profit loss. There are essentially two types of art investors. The first type is only interested in purchasing a piece of art to add to their collection. These investors are usually art lovers and nothing more. The other type of investor usually buys simply for profit. This type of investor, if not skilled, can be at most risk of losing money. Art speculating, buying a piece on a whim to turn a quick profit, has made many people lose lots of money.
Auction houses are usually the site for most art investments. An investor can also visit an exhibit in a gallery to purchase the piece directly. Exhibits are usually more relaxed in atmosphere than auctions. Most auction houses have their own rules and policies for authenticating a piece, placing a piece on auction and making a sale. As mentioned before, researching a piece before buying it is crucial. But also knowing the business practices of the auction house is important.
More important than auction houses and the popularity of a piece at the moment is the reputation of the pieces' artist. Training, from masterful teachers, degrees from prestigious schools and the selling record of the artist all affect the price and worth of a sale. If an artist, for instance, is trained by a teacher whose work has been highly sought after, chances are the pupils’ work will be too.
When an investment is made in art, it is important to remember that some factors controlling price are out of the investor's hands. Factors such as the condition of the piece, supply and demand at time of purchase and after and also authenticity can affect pricing. Many art investors consider first and foremost if an artist is living or passed. The status of life of an artist is important. Since an artist who has passed away obviously can't create new works, and the supply becomes finite increasing demand. However, a living artist, because they are constantly creating new work, the prices for a work can be negotiated, which can also be considered when an investment is made. These factors, like all the others, emphasize how important it is to know the difference between a truly good investment and one that looks good on paper.
488字经济
【核心词汇】
estate [i'steit]n. 财产,房地产
［真题例句］ “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says John Deadly, a Bay Area real - estate broker.［2004年阅读3］
［例句精译］海湾地区房地产经纪人约翰?梯尔迪说：“已经卖出20到30套,剩下的可能只有两三套了。”
exact [ig'z?kt] a. 精确的 vt. 强求,要求,索取
［真题例句］ The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers.［1994年阅读4］
［例句精译］导致癌变的确切机制仍是个谜，但许多癌症始于基因这一可能性表明我们将永远不能预防所有癌症。
peculate ['pekjuleit]  v. 挪用,盗领
whim [(h)wim] n. 一时的兴致,反覆无常,怪念头
gallery ['g?l?ri]  n. 美术馆,画廊
auction ['?:k??n] 拍卖
authenticate [?:'θentikeit]  v. 证明(某物)为真
crucial ['kru:?i?l, 'kru:??l] a. 关键的,决定性的
［真题例句］ The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.［1999年阅读4］
［例句精译］然而，该小组尚未在一个关键问题上达成一致，即是否建议立法机关把将私人资金用于克隆人的行为视为犯罪。
prestigious [.pres'ti:d??s]  a. 享有声望的,声望很高的
pupil ['pju:pl, 'pju:pil] n. 瞳孔,学生,小学生
authenticity  n. 确实性,真实性
emphasize ['emf?saiz]  v. 强调,着重vt. 强调
［真题例句］ Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop.［1994年阅读2］
［例句精译］计算机分析的营销报告能有助于决定目前应重点生产哪些商品，将来开发哪些产品，哪些应停止生产。
foremost ['f?:m?ust]a. 最初的 ad. 在最前面
［真题例句］58. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than .［1996年阅读2］
［D］ the challenge of new satellite channels
［例句精译］ 58BBC不得不重新自我调整的主要原因是。
［D］新卫星频道带来的挑战
finite ['fainait] a. 有限的
［真题例句］We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.［2000年阅读3］
［例句精译］我们必须大量使用基本词汇，摆脱句号、修饰性形容词及限定动词的限制。
negotiate [ni'g?u?ieit]v. 商议,谈判,交涉
［真题例句］ Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people.［2005年新题型］
［例句精译］比如说，魁北克省如果独自跟药厂谈判的话，只能代表该省700万人，而全国性代理机构跟药厂谈判的话，代表的则是全国的3100万人。
【难句解析】
1、       Art investing is an industry that requires both business expertise and a taste in artistic style.
艺术投资是一个需有商业专业知识并兼备一定艺术品位的行业。
该句的主干结构为“Art investing is an industry…”；that引导的定语从句修饰前面的industry，该从句中包含一个both…and…结构。
2、       Most auction houses have their own rules and policies for authenticating a piece, placing a piece on auction and making a sale.
大多数拍卖行有自己的规则和策略来鉴定、拍卖艺术品。
该句主干为“Most auction houses have their own rules and policies for…”；for引导介词短语，表范围。
3、       If an artist, for instance, is trained by a teacher whose work has been highly sought after, chances are the pupils’ work will be too.
例如，若一位艺术家的作品在市场上极被追捧，则他的学生作品也很可能表现不俗。
该句主干为“...chances are the pupils’ work will be…”，句式为主系表结构；if引导条件状语从句，修饰主句；whose引导定语从句修饰前面的teacher。
【全文精译】
艺术投资是一个需有商业专业知识并兼备一定艺术品位的行业。不像其他领域投资者购置房产及股票，艺术投资者购买的是艺术作品，最后卖出以获得收益。相对于其他行业，艺术投资较无规律可寻。
在购买单件艺术品之前需要做大量的调查研究工作，尤其需要重点考虑的是艺术家的履历、展览记录和学艺背景。
倘若投资者在购买艺术品前没有做好相对深入的研究，那么将使此次投资成败于一念之间。本质上讲，投资者主要分为两类。第一类是，仅仅对这件艺术作品本身感兴趣，购买它更多是为了完善自己的艺术收藏。这种类型的投资者多为纯粹的艺术爱好者。另外一类投资者进行艺术投资只是为了获取收益。这种类型的投资者，若没有足够的经验，所进行的投资将具有很大的风险。艺术投机，一时心血来潮，为了寻求快速回报而购买艺术品，会给许多人带来大量的损失。
拍卖行是艺术投资活动的主要场所。另外，投资者也会光顾画廊直接购买作品。通常，画廊展览的气氛远比拍卖行要自然惬意得多。大多数拍卖行有自己的规则和策略来鉴定、拍卖艺术品。正如上文提及，在购买艺术品对其进行充分地了解和研究是至关重要的，而了解拍卖行的商业运作方式也同样关键。
但还有比拍卖行及作品的受欢迎程度更为重要的，那就是这位艺术家的名望。是否师从杰出的艺术家，是否出自一流学府及过往作品的成交记录，都会影响到这件艺术品的价格和价值。例如，若一位艺术家的作品在市场上极被追捧，则他的学生作品也很可能表现不俗。
做艺术投资必须牢记一点，控制价格的因素多不为投资者所掌握。一件艺术作品的质量高低，特定时期的供需关系及作品的真伪等因素都会影响其价格。许多艺术投资者深信艺术家在世与否、艺术家的地位高低等至关重要。因为一位艺术家倘若离开人世，就无法再创造新作，当供小于求时，价格自然上升。而一位在世艺术家，其仍然可以创作，所以作品的价格就充满悬念。这些因素，和其他的投资一样，都在强调一点，即一次经过充分准备的成功投资动和那些纸上谈兵的投资有着本质的差别。

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