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中科院2005考博英语试题 PART 1 STRUCTURE&VOCABULARY ( 25minutes,15points)
sectionA( 0.5 point eath)
direction: choose the word or expression below each sentence that best
completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice
with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring
answer sheet.
16.Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I
feel sure that I have no __________ but to report him to the local police.
A. time B. chance C. authority D. alternative
17.Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to
__________regret.
A. teem B. brim with C. come with D. look with
18.There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the
young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a
_______future behind him.
A. splendid B. conspicuous C. uproarious D. imminent
19. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go
out only _________necessity.
A. within reach of B. for fear of C. by means of D. in case of
20. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand of express the
emotion that it _________in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to
a world that lies beyond.
A. reflects B. retains C. rouses D. radiates
21.______________the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another
8-10minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.
A. Turn off B. Turn over C. Turn down D. Turn up
22.Banks shall be unable to ___________,or claim relief against the first
15%of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them .
A. write off B. put aside C. shrink from D. come over
23.I am to inform you ,that you may ,if you wish , attend the inquiry ,and
at the inspectors discretion state your case _________or through an
entrusted representative.
A. in person B. in depth C. in secret D. in excess
24.In his view, though Hong Kong has no direct cultural identity, local
art is thriving by “being ___________,”being open to all kinds of art.
A. gratifying B. predominating C. excelling D. accommodating
25.In some countries preschool education in nursery schools or
kindergartens _________the 1stgrade.
A. leads B. precedes C. forwards D. advances
26.Desert plants ________ two categories according to the way they deal
with the problem of surviving drought.
A. break down B. fall into C. differ in D. refer to
27.In the airport, I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft
engines which _________ all other sounds.
A. dwarfed B. diminished C. drowned D. relative
28.Criticism without suggesting areas of improvement is not _________ and
should be avoided if possible.
A. constructive B. productive C. descriptive D. relative
29. The Committee pronounced four members expelled for failure to provide
information in the ____________ of investigations.
A. case B. chase C. cause D. course
30. Since neither side was ready to __________ what was necessary for
peace, hostility were resumed in 1980.
A. precede B. recede C. concede D. intercede
31.Such an _________act of hostility can only lead to war.
A. overt B. episodic C. ample D. ultimate
32._________ both in working life and everyday living to different sets of
values, and expectations places a severe strain on the individual.
A. Recreation B. Transaction C. Disclosure D. Exposure
33. It would then be replaced by interim government, which would
_________be replaced by a permanent government after four months.
A. in step B. in turn B. in practice D. in haste
34. Haven’t I told you I don’t want you keeping ____________ with those
awful riding-about bicycle boys?
A. company B. acquaintance C. friends D. place
35.Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite
simply _________ every cheat in the marketplace.
A. at the mercy of B. in lieu of C. by courtesy of D. for the price of
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions : in each of the following sentences there are four parts
underlined and marked A, B, C, and D. Indicate which of the four parts is
incorrectly used. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice by drawing
a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer
Sheet.
36. The auctioneer must know fair accurately the current market values of
the goods he is
A B C D
selling.
37.Children are among the most frequent victims of violent, drug-related
crimes that have nothing
A B C
doing with the cost of acquiring the drugs.
D
38. A large collection of contemporary photographs, including some taken
by Mary are on display
A B C
at the museum.
D
39.There is much in our life which we do not control and we are not even
responsible for.
A B C D
40. Capital inflows will also tend to increase the international value of
the dollar, make it more
A B C
difficult to sell U.S. exports.
D
41. It can be argued that the problems, even something as fundamental as
the ever-increased world
A B C
population, have been caused by technological adcance.
D
42. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist
the temptation to revenge
A B C
as subfected to uncivilized behavior.
D
43. While experts in basic science are important, skilled talents should
be the overriding majority
A B C
since they are at heavy demand in the market.
D
44.Retailers offered deep discounts and extra hours this weekend in the
bid to lure shoppers.
A B C D
45.The amendments of the laws on patent, trademark and copyright have
enhanced protection of
A B
intellectual property rights and made them conform to WTO rules.
C D
PART3 CLOZE TEST (15minutes, 15 points)
Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the
passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase
marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding
letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the
square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a
state of transition. As a result, cultural scripts about marriage have
undergone change, One of the more obvious ___46____ has occurred in the
roles that women 47 . Women have moved into the world of work and have
become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 48 maintaining their
family roles of nurturing and creating a(n) 49 that is a haven for all
family members. 50 many women experience strain from trying to “do it all,
” they often endoy the increased 51 that can result from playing multiple
roles. As women’s roles have changed, changing expectations about men’s
roles have become more 52 . Many men are relinquishing their major
responsibility 53 the family provider. Probably the most significant
change in men’s roles, however, is in the emotional 54 of family life. Men
are increasingly 55 to meet the emotional needs of their families, 56
their wives.
In fact, expectations about he emotional domain of marriage have become
more significant for marriage in general. Research on 57 marriage has
changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the
emotional side of the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the “
emotion work” 58 to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men
and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent, 59 both
partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and
encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which
men’s and women’s roles are becoming increasingly more 60 .
46. A. incidents B. changes C. results D. effects
47. A. take B. do C. play D. show
48. A. by B. while C. hence D. thus
49. A. home B. garden C. arena D. paradise
50. A. When B. Even though C. Since D. Nevertheless
51. A. rewards B. profits C. privileges D. incomes
52. A. general B. acceptable C. popular D. apparent
53. A. as B. of C. from D. for
54. A. section B. constituent C. domain D. point
55. A. encouraged B. expected C. advised D. predicted
56. A. not to mention B. as well as C. including D. especially
57. A. how B. what C. why D. if
58. A. but B. only C. enough D. necessary
59. A. unless B. although C. where D. because
60. A. pleasant B. important C. similar D. manageable
PART 4 READING COMPREHENSION (60minutes, 30 points)
Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some
questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed
by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and
then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the
statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the
square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage1
The man who invented Coca-cola was not a native Atlantan, but on the day
of his funeral every drugstore in town testimonially shut up shop. He was
John Styth Pemberton, born in 1833 in Knoxville, Georgia, eighty miles
away. Sometimes known as Doctor, Pemberton was a pharmacist who, during
the Civil War, led a cavalry troop under General Joe Wheelrer. He settled
in Atlanta in 1869, and soon began brewing such patent medicines as
Triplex Liver Pills and Globe of Flower Cough Syrup. In 1885, he
registered a trademark for something called French Wine Coca-Ideal Nerve
and Tonic Stimulant, a few months later he formed the Pemberton Chemical
Company, and recruited the services of a bookkeeper named Frank M.
Robinson, who not only had a good head for figures but, attached to it, so
exceptional a nose that he could audit the composition of a batch of syrup
merely by sniffling it. In 1886-a year in which, as contemporary Coca-Coca
officials like to point our, Conan Doyle unveiled Sherlock Holmes and
France unveiled the Statue of Liberty-Pemberton unveiled a syrup that he
called Coca-Coca. It was a modification of his French Wine Coca. He had
taken our the wine and added a pinch of caffeine, and, when the end
product tasted awful, had thrown in some extract of cola nut and a few
other oils, blending the mixture in a three-legged iron pot in his back
yard and swishing it around with an oar. He distributed it to soda
fountains in used beer bottles, and Robinson, with his glowing
bookkeeper’s script, presently devised a label, on which “Coca-Cola” was
written in the fashion that is still employed. Pemberton looked upon his
mixture less as a refreshment than as a headache cure, especially for
people whose headache could be traced to over-indulgence.
On a morning late in 1886,one such victim of the night before dragged
himself into an Atlanta drugstore and asked for a doolop of Cola-Cola.
Druggists customarily stirred a teaspoonful of syrup into a glass of
water, but in this instance the man on duty was too lazy to walk to the
fresh-water tap, a couple of feet off. Instead, he mixed the syrup with
some soda water, which was closer at hand. The suffering customer perked
up almost at once, and word quickly spread that the best Coca-Cola was a
fizzy one.
64. What dose the passage tell us about John Styth Pemberton?
A. He was highly respected by Atlantans
B. He ran a drug store that also sells wine.
C. He had been a doctor until the Civil War.
D. He made a lot of money with his pharmacy.
62. Which of the following was unique to Frank M. Robinson, working with
the Pemberton’s Company?
A. Skills to make French wine
B. Talent for drawing pictures
C. An acute sense of smell.
D. Ability to work with numbers.
63.Why was the year 1886 so special to Pemberton?
A. He took to doing a job like Sherlock Holmes’s
B. He brought a quite profitable product into being.
C. He observed the founding ceremony of Statue of Liberty.
D. He was awarded by Coca-Cola for his contribution
64.One modification made of French Wine Coca formula was__________
A. used beer bottles were chosen as containers
B. the amount of caffeine in it was increased
C. it was blended with oils instead of water
D. Cola nut extract was added to taste
65. According to the passage, Coca-Cola was in the first place prepared
especially for ________
A. the young as a soft drink
B. a replacement of French Wine Coca
C. the relief of a hangover
D. a cure for the common headache
66. The last paragraph mainly tells___________
A. the complaint against the lazy shop-assistant
B. a real test of Coca-cola as a headache cure
C. the mediocre service of the drugstore
D. a happy accident that gave birth to Coca-Cola
Passage 2
Between 1833 and 1837, the publishers of a “penny press” proved that a
low-priced paper, edited to interest ordinary people, could win what
amounted to a mass circulation for the times and thereby attract an
advertising volume that would make it independent. These were papers for
the common citizen and were not tied to the interests of the business
community, like the mercantile press, or dependent for financial support
upon political party allegiance. It did not necessarily follow that all
the penny papers would be superior in their handing of the news and
opinion functions. But the door was open for some to make important
journalistic advances.
The first offerings of a penny paper tended to be highly sensational;
human interest stories overshadowed important news, and crime and sex
stories were written in full detail. But as the penny paper attracted
readers from various social and economic brackets, its sensationalism was
modified. The ordinary reader came to want a better product, too. A
popularized style of writing and presentation of news remained, but the
penny paper became a respectable publication that offered significant
information and editorial leadership. Once the first of the successful
penny papers had shown the way, later ventures could enter the competition
at the higher level of journalistic responsibility the pioneering papers
had reached.
This was the pattern of American newspapers in the years following the
founding of the New York Sun in 1833. The sun, published by Benjamin Day,
entered the lists against 11 other dailies. It was tiny in comparison; but
it was bright and readable, and it preferred human interest features to
important but dull political speech reports. It had a police reporter
writing squibs of crime news in the style already proved successful by
some other papers. And, most important, it sold for a penny, whereas its
competitors sold for six cents. By 1837 the sun was printing 30,000 copies
a day, which was more than the total of all 11 New York daily newspapers
combined when the sun first appeared. In those same four years James
Gordon Bennett brought out his New York Herald (1835), and a trio of New
York printers who were imitating Day’s success founded the Philadelphia
Public ledger (1836) and the Baltimore sun (1837).The four penny sheets
all became famed newspapers.
67. What does the first paragraph say about the “penny press?”
A. It was known for its in-depth news reporting
B. It had an involvement with some political parties.
C. It depended on the business community for survival.
D. It aimed at pleasing the general public.
68. In its early days, a penny paper often ___________--
A. paid much attention to political issues
B. provided stories that hit the public taste
C. offered penetrating editorials on various issues
D. covered important news with inaccuracy
69. As the readership was growing more diverse, the penny
paper____________
A. improved its content
B. changed its writing style
C. developed a more sensational style
D. became a tool for political parries
70. The underlined word “ventures” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by
___________
A. editors
B. reporters
C. newspapers
D. companies
71. What is true about the Philadelphia Public Ledger and the Baltimore
sun.?
A. They turned out to be failures.
B. They were later purchased by James Gordon Bennett.
C. They were also founded by Benjamin Day.
D. They became well-known newspapers in the U.S.
72. This passage is probably taken from a book on ___________
A. the work ethics of the American media
B. the techniques in news reporting
C. the history of sensationalism in American media
D. the impact of mass media on American society
Passage 3
Forget what Virginia Woolf said about what a writer needs—a room of one’s
own. The writer she had in mind wasn’t at work on a novel in cyberspace,
one with multiple hypertexts, animated graphics and downloads of trancey,
chiming music. For that you also need graphic interfaces, RealPlayer and
maybe even a computer laboratory at Brown University. That was where Mark
Amerika—his legally adopted name; don’t ask him about his birth
name—composed much of his novel Grammatron. But Grammatron isn’t just a
story. It’s an online narrative (Grammatron.com) that uses the
capabilities of cyberspace to tie the conventional story line into
complicate knots. In the four year it took to produce—it was completed in
1997—each new advance in computer software became anther potential story
device. “I became sort of dependent on the industry,” jokes Amerika, who
is also the author of two novels printed on paper. “That’s unusual for a
writer, because if you just write on paper the ‘technology’ is pretty
stable.”
Nothing about Grammatron is stable. At its center, if there is one, is Abe
Golam, the inventor of Nanoscript, a quasi—mystical computer code that
some unmystical corporations are itching to acquire. For much of the
story, Abe wanders through Prague-23, a virtual “city” in cyberspace whare
visitors indulge in fantasy encounters and virtual sex, which can get
fairly graphic, The reader wanders too, because most of Grammatron’s
1,000-puls text screens contain several passages in hypertext. To reach
the next screen, just double-click. But each of those hypertexts is a
trapdoor that can plunge you down a different pathway of the story. Choose
one and you drop into a corporate-strategy memo. Choose another and
there’s a XXX-rated sexual rant. The story you read is in some sense the
story you make.
Amerika teaches digital art at the University of Colorado, where his
students develop works that straddle the lines between art, film and
literature. “I tell them not to get caught up in mere plot,” he says. Some
avant-garde writers—Julio Cortazar, Italo Calvino—have also experimented
with novels that wander out of their author’s control. “But what makes the
Net so exciting, “says Amerika, “is that you can add sound, randomly
generated links, 3-D modeling, animaion.” That room of one’s own is
turning into a fun house.
73. The passage is mainly to tell __________________.
A. differences between conventional and modern novels
B. how Mark Amerika composed his novel Grammatron
C. common features of all modern electronic novels
D. why Mark Amerika took on a new way of writing
74. Why does the author ask the reader to forget what Virginia Woolf said
about the necessities of a writer?
A. Modern writers can share rooms to do the writing.
B. It is not necessarily that a writer writes inside a room.
C. Modern writers will get nowhere without a word processor
D.It is no longer sufficient for the writing in cyberspace.
75.As an on-line narrative, Grammatron is anything but stable because it
______________.
A. provides potentials for the story development
B. is one of the novels at
C. can be downloaded free of charge
D. boasts of the best among cyber stories
76.By saying that he became sort of dependent on the industry, Mark
Amerika meant that _________.
A. he could not help but set his Grammatron and thers in Industrial
Revolution
B. conventional writers had been increasingly challenged by high
technology
C. much of his Grammatron had proved to be cybernetic dependent
D. he couldn’t care less about new advance in computer software
77. As the passage shows , Grammatron makes it possible for readers to
_____________-
A. adapt the story for a video version
B. “walk in” the story and interact with it
C. develop the plots within the author’s control
D. steal the show and become the main character
78. Amerika told his students not to ____________
A.immerse themselves only in creating the plot
B. be captivated by the plot alone while reading
C. be lagged far behind in the plot development
D. let their plot get lost in the on-going story |
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