盖特纳：G20将建立贸易失衡预警机制

飞雪寒冰

Timothy Geithner, US Treasury Secretary, said world leaders had reached consensus on an “early warning mechanism” to police excessive trade deficits and surpluses at Thursday’s Group of 20 meeting in Seoul.
美国财政部长蒂莫西•盖特纳(Timothy Geithner)表示，全球各国领导人已经达成共识，将在周四20国集团(G20)首尔峰会上建立一个“预警机制”以监管过度贸易逆差和顺差。

The US has proposed that the International Monetary Fund implement guidelines to monitor current account imbalances and co-ordinate responses to reduce them.
美国已提议，由国际货币基金组织(IMF)来实施对经常账户失衡的监管，并协调各方应对措施，以减少失衡。

飞雪寒冰

Mr Geithner stressed that China had joined the consensus among other Asian nations despite criticism from Beijing that the proposals were a return to “planned economies”. He warned that unilateral action by individual countries could destabilise the global economy and stifle growth.
盖特纳强调，尽管北京方面指责上述提议是一种回归“计划经济”的做法，但中国和其它亚洲国家也支持上述共识。他警告称，单个国家的单边行动可能会影响全球经济稳定，并遏制增长。

“It’s a very pragmatic approach, a very multi- lateral approach. It allows the focus to shift to the broader mix of causes that matter, not just to focus on the exchange rate and it allows China to point to a set of multilateral commitments,” Mr Geithner said on Monday on the sidelines of US president Barack Obama’s visit to India. “The Chinese are very supportive. They have a lot of benefit to them. It’s better than the alternatives.”
“这是一种非常务实、非常多边的方式。它让焦点转移到了一些更广泛的重要目标，而不仅仅关注于汇率，同时它让中国转向了一系列多边承诺，”盖特纳周一在美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)访问印度间隙这样说。“中国对此非常支持。他们在其中有很多利益。这种方式强于其它选择。”

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“[China’s leaders] are in the midst of a constant debate,” he added. “The balance between the forces in favour of moving more quickly and moving more slowly are constantly shifting.”
“（中国领导人）一直在辩论，”他补充称，“倾向于较快转变和较慢转变力量之间的平衡在不断变化。”

Yet Mr Geithner stopped short of endorsing hard and fast numerical targets that would set caps on external imbalances. “It makes no economic sense to try and do that,” he warned.
不过，盖特纳没有支持对外部失衡设定短期、硬性的量化目标。他警告称：“这样做没有任何经济意义。”

飞雪寒冰

The US Treasury secretary was also conciliatory towards Beijing, saying China’s economy was in just the early phase of a larger transition.
盖特纳对于中国的态度也相当和缓。他表示，中国经济正处一场更大范围的过渡中的初期阶段。

“China has embarked on a very sweeping set of reforms to try and shift growth away from a model they believe is too export-dependent to a model that provides more domestic demand,” Mr Geithner said.
他表示：“中国启动了一套非常广泛的改革措施，努力将他们认为过于依赖出口的增长模式，转变为提供更多内需的模式。”

“That requires a sweeping set of changes to the design of the safety net and their financial system and a whole range of other incentives . . . The exchange rate is just a part of that.”
“这需要对社会保障和金融体系乃至整个一系列其它激励的涉及进行大规模改革……汇率只是其中的一部分。”

飞雪寒冰

The US Treasury secretary was also conciliatory towards Beijing, saying China’s economy was in just the early phase of a larger transition.
盖特纳对于中国的态度也相当和缓。他表示，中国经济正处一场更大范围的过渡中的初期阶段。

“China has embarked on a very sweeping set of reforms to try and shift growth away from a model they believe is too export-dependent to a model that provides more domestic demand,” Mr Geithner said.
他表示：“中国启动了一套非常广泛的改革措施，努力将他们认为过于依赖出口的增长模式，转变为提供更多内需的模式。”

“That requires a sweeping set of changes to the design of the safety net and their financial system and a whole range of other incentives . . . The exchange rate is just a part of that.”
“这需要对社会保障和金融体系乃至整个一系列其它激励的涉及进行大规模改革……汇率只是其中的一部分。”

飞雪寒冰

Mr Obama received unexpected support from Manmohan Singh, India’s prime minister, who will also attend the G20 summit and said the world “needs a new balance between the deficit and surplus countries”. He described Mr Obama as the “father of the G20 process”.
奥巴马意外地获得了也将出席G20峰会的印度总理曼莫汉•辛格(Manmohan Singh)的支持。辛格表示，这个世界“需要顺差国家和逆差国家之间出现一种新的平衡”。他将奥巴马称作是“G20进程之父”。

In Europe, Jean-Claude Juncker, chairman of the group of eurozone finance ministers, reiterated criticism of the Fed policy by Germany, Brazil and others.
欧洲方面，由欧元区财长组成的欧元集团主席让-克洛德•容克(Jean-Claude Juncker)重申了德国、巴西和其它国家对美联储政策的批评。

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“I don’t think it is a good decision,” he told a European parliament committee. “You’re fighting debt with more debt. There is great criticism of the Chinese policy, but in a different way they are pursuing exactly the same policy.”
“我认为，这不是一项明智的决定，”他向一个ouzhouyihui委员会表示，“你正在用更多的债务来解决债务问题。他们猛烈抨击中国的政策，而自己却在通过另一种方式，推行完全相同的政策。”

“I see the risk of . . . making it more difficult to get out of the crisis,” he added. “I don’t think that the US decision will necessarily help solvency and I don’t think American companies will invest more and American consumers will consume more.”
“我觉得，这有可能会……加大摆脱危机的难度，”他补充称，“我认为，美国的决定不一定有利于增强偿付能力，我认为美国企业不会加大投资，而美国消费者也不会增加消费。”

飞雪寒冰

“I don’t think it is a good decision,” he told a European parliament committee. “You’re fighting debt with more debt. There is great criticism of the Chinese policy, but in a different way they are pursuing exactly the same policy.”
“我认为，这不是一项明智的决定，”他向一个ouzhouyihui委员会表示，“你正在用更多的债务来解决债务问题。他们猛烈抨击中国的政策，而自己却在通过另一种方式，推行完全相同的政策。”

“I see the risk of . . . making it more difficult to get out of the crisis,” he added. “I don’t think that the US decision will necessarily help solvency and I don’t think American companies will invest more and American consumers will consume more.”
“我觉得，这有可能会……加大摆脱危机的难度，”他补充称，“我认为，美国的决定不一定有利于增强偿付能力，我认为美国企业不会加大投资，而美国消费者也不会增加消费。”