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Chinese businessman and government official (b. May 1, 1916, Wuxi, China—d. Oct. 27, 2005, Beijing, China), served (1979–93) as president of the China International Trust and Investment Corp. (CITIC), the nation's main investment arm and one of its largest state-owned enterprises; in this position he earned the nickname “the Red capitalist” for helping launch free-market reforms and open China's economy to the West. Rong, who was listed in 1999 by Forbes magazine as the richest person in China (with an estimated net worth of $1 billion), also served (1993–98) as China's vice president. Educated at British-run St. John's University in Shanghai, Rong had taken over the operation of a number of businesses owned by his family at the time the communists came to power in China in 1949. Several of his siblings subsequently left China. Rong stayed, however, even though the government became a 50% partner in his businesses in 1955. From 1957 he was deputy mayor of Shanghai, and from 1959 he served as deputy minister of the textile industry, but he was stripped of both posts in 1966 when Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution. Rong's businesses were seized, and he was beaten and made to work in menial jobs. He was eventually rehabilitated under Deng Xiaoping, who ascended to power following Mao's death in 1976. In 1979 Deng asked Rong to help with China's new “open door” economic reforms. After forming CITIC, Rong operated the corporation like a capitalist enterprise as he successfully sought to attract foreign capital to China. In May 1989 Rong allowed his employees to participate in pro-democracy demonstrations, but he later supported the government's military repression of the Tiananmen Square demonstrators. At the time of Rong's death, his son, Rong Zhijian, was head of CITIC's Hong Kong-based subsidiary, CITIC Pacific. |
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