陆续提供社科院英语试题（二）

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[原创] 陆续提供社科院英语试题（二）
SECTION B
16. Although he knew that the storm had advanced toward them, he was somewhat taken aback by the suddenness of its onslaught
17. In rearing children, one ought to be able to find a sort of "democratic” middle ground, which permits children the freedom to arrive at their own decisions, mistakes included but also provides them protection as the need arises.
18. Metal detectors go off not only when they have located guns but also when lighter metal objects as keys and belt buckles are found.
19. We all of us suspect that our offices are going to be moved just as soon as they will finish the new faculty building.
20. I see from your advertisement in a recent issue of STUDENT GAZETYE that you are proposing to hold a three - week summer course in International Law at Worcester College in June,  and the course is designed for graduates from British and overseas universities.
21. The snow had not abated, the highways would have been covered with drifts, and no travelers unless they rode in sleighs, would have been able to pass.
22. The book I read discusses natural phenomena which is of interest to everybody.
23. In the New World, tile majority of English settlers rapidly established living patterns according to their various backgrounds, the conditions they endure, and those in which they now found themselves.
24. A course aimed at business executives and/or their employees, "Management and Data Systems" offers their own approach to financial planning.
25. Children who enjoy reading usually read more in summer when school pressure, including assignments, abates whereas those only read when school pressure is intense will not necessarily read more in summer.

26. One disadvantage of cow’s milk lies in that it is less easily to digest by invalids mid babies than is goat's milk
27. Last year he had more friends in his classes. This year there are less .
28. In the past in developed countries, inland canals were used to shipping all sorts of goods to nearby towns or seaports
29. The beaver's hind feet, webbed for swimming, are larger than their front feet, which are small and handlike .
30. Only after' tile neighbors complained incessantly and began writing the newspapers letters the disco began lowering its sound level to reduce noise pollution.

PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION (35 POINTS)
   1. Should the International Court of Justice judicially review Security Council decisions? The question, once fanciful, is now being asked seriously by litigants in and judges on the World Court, nonpermanent members of the Security Council that consider it an undemocratic body acting as a cloak for a new form of imperialism, and scholars worried about its quasi -legislative or quasi - judicial acts.  The recent throng of commentators and advocates include students of Realpolitik warning the Court against any unrealistic attempt to transform the United Nations collective security scheme into a constitutional structure of checks mid balances, and legalists grasping hopefully for hints of Marbury v. Madison in recent World Court pronouncements.
      For the ostensible realists, the question of World Court review over Council action is 'about how best to effectuate collective security. For them, the UN Charter is not a constitution with checks and balances but, rather, a hierarchical collective security scheme with the Council at its apex. The only "check" on its action emerges from Realpolitik: the veto and the prospect that the Council will ask for sanctions or force and no one will respond. Realist argue that, in cases like those presented by Libya and Bosnia, the Court' s role is limited to ratifying the Council' s program or staying out of the Council's way. For the Court to do anything in these types of cases except at the invitation of the Council is to undermine the Charter scheme in a vain attempt to legalize what cannot be legalized. For its opponents, judicial review asks the impossible: the Court cannot review the Council, as no rules exist with which to examine the legality of a Chapter VII determination. Some realists bluntly characterize the charter scheme as constituting a "police state" rather than a system based on the rule of law; they view the Council as a law unto itself, with opportunistic flexibility the key to its success.
      At the other end of the spectrum, legalist argue that ( 1 ) the Court needs to be the last – resort defender of the system's legitimacy; (2) the charter is a constitution of limited enumerated powers under the rule of law: (3) the Court is the one institution in the system capable of so affirming; and (4) functional parallelism, not an institutional hierarchy, obtains between Council and Court. To them, Council and Court have complementary but distinct functions, one primarily political, the other legal, and each should operate to permit the other to fulfill its role. They argue that, while the Council has wide discretion,  it is not omnipotent and cannot violate fundamental norms of international law such as the principle of inherent serf- defense, the laws of war and the charter itself. To legalists, the Court exists in part to protect institutional legitimacy by preventing the Council from overstepping its limits.
1. By "judicially review," the author means,
  A. to look at carefully.
  B. to write about in a scholarly magazine.
  C. to pass on as a matter of binding law.
  D. something that cannot be determined by the text.
  E. none of the above.
2. The International Court of Justice
  A. is a division of the Security Council.
   B. is a division of the World Court.
   C. is a synonym for the World Court.
   D. belongs to the United Nations.
   E. is something that cannot be determined by the text.
3. Litigants ill and judges on the World Court
   A. ale nonpermanent members of the Security Council.
   B. did not previously worry about the question asked.
   C. are irrelevant to the discussion.
   D. are two of several groups concerned with the question asked.
   E. share both (b) and (d).
4. Which of the following statements is true?
   A. All nonpermanent members of the Security Council consider the Security Council imperialistic.
   B. Some  nonpermanent  members  of the  Security  Council  consider the  Security  Council imperialistic.
   C. All nonpermanent members of the Security Council consider the International Court of Justice imperialistic.
   D. Some nonpermanent members of the Security Council consider the International Court of Justice imperialistic.
   E. None of the above statements is tree.
5. Marbury v. Madison
   A. is the title of a book.
   B. is the title of a play.
   C. is a law case.
   D. are two people who discuss the question.
   E. is none of the above.
6. For ostensible realists,
   A. the World Court is at the top of the UN Charter in importance.
   B. the UN Charter is at the bottom in importance.
   C. the Security Council is at tile top in importance.
   D. tile position of the three items is irrelevant.
   E. none of tile above are true.
7. The ostensible realists and the realists
   A. are the same group.
   B. are different groups.
   C. have the same or similar opinions.
   D. share (a) and (c).
   E. share (b) and (c).
8. Which of the groups below is most likely to answer "yes" to the question asked?
  A. Litigants in and judges on the World Court.
  B. Nonpermanent members of the Security Council.
  C. Scholars.
  D. Ostensible realists.
  E. Legalists.

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