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I. Reading Comprehension Text1 [2005 RC Text 1] 正确答案:C. B. A. C. B文 章 解 析
第一段:通过比较来说明人和猴子都有公平的意识。 "a fat pay rise":"涨得很高的工资" "vanish=disappear":" 消失"
"outrage":"大发雷霆,暴怒,生气" "all to":"实在太......" "all to human""人所特有的" "grievance":"委屈,发牢骚,怨恨"
对应第1题:逻辑框架题。——解题技巧:宏观把握
[B]. 正反颠倒 "justify"后可跟名词、动名词,不能跟动词不定式:"证明(做)...是正确的" [D] . 模糊笼统 答案为:C
对应第2题:句子释意题。——解题技巧:瞻前顾后 [A] .概念偷换 [C] .概念偷换 [D].绝对化 答案为:B
第二段:研究发现。 "cute":"聪明、伶俐,小巧玲珑" "creatures":"动物、生物" "readily":"愿意"
"counterparts":"对应的人或物"
对应第3题:细节理解题。 [A] ."be inclined to":"倾向于" [B] .无中生有 [C] .无中生有 [D] .无中生有 答案为:A
第三段:具体试验。 "token":"代金券" "cucumber":"黄瓜" "adjoin":"相邻的"
第四段:进一步试验。 "world":"群体" "preferable":"更喜欢"
第五段:试验的结论。 "species":"物种" "stable":"稳固的" "righteous":"正当的、公正的" "stem":"树干、植物的颈"
"preserve":"保存" n."+ of":" 是...所有的" "stem from=come from":"来自于" "as yet=so far":"至今"
对应第4题:总结归纳题。 [A] .就事论事 [B] .就事论事 [C] .无中生有 答案为:C
对应第5题:推理判断题。——"正话反说,反话正说" [A] .概念偷换 [D] .绝对化"only , exclusively" 答案为:B
总结:1.抓住文章主题 2.抓住段落核心句 3.注意干扰项的设计
(一)(下) 2006 – KY-- 1 I. Reading Comprehension
Text 2 正确答案:C. A. D. B. C文 章 解 析
注意:做阅读理解题首先要注意,先抓住文章的主题。
第一段:Redmon如何找到工作的。 "personal search agent":"个人求职中介" "matching position":合适的工作
"I struck gold":"我交了好运了" "counsel":"n.法律顾问","v.指导、提出建议"
对应第1题:细节理解题。 A.正反颠倒 D.时间错位 答案为:C
第二段:求职中介的缺点。 "promising":"有前途的、有希望的" "But":转折词,重点词汇
"work against":"对...不利" "eliminate":"消除、逝去"
对应第2题:细节理解题。 B.正反颠倒 C.张冠李戴 答案为:A
第三段:进一步说明这种个人求职中介的缺点。
"counseling":"专家指导、建议" "implicit":"隐含的" —反义词—"explicit":"明显的、清楚的" "tip service":"提示"
对应第3题:词组释意题。 解题技巧:瞻前顾后。 答案为:D (提醒,提示)
第四段:网站设计的意图。 "tempt sb to do sth":"诱惑sb做sth"
对应第4题:逻辑结构题—即段落内部,论据与论点之间的关系。 答案为:B
第五段:个人求职中介的价值。 "line":"行业" "negotiate for":"谈判"
对应第5题: A.绝对化。"indispensable":"必不可少的" B.无中生有。"trace":"跟踪" 答案为:C
Text 3 正确答案:C. D. C. B. D文 章 解 析
第一段:反对毒品的战争巨大的人力财力的投入,成果忧喜参半。 "mixed":"忧喜参半"
第二段:忧。(第一句为主题句)
第三段:喜。(第一句为主题句) "prevailing":"占上风的,流行的做法"
对应第1题:细节归纳题。 [A]. 绝对化 [B]. 以偏概全 [D] .言过其实 "特殊句式with + n + 动词不定式" 答案为:C
对应第2题:逻辑结构题。 [B]. 绝对化 [C]. "discredit":"使...丢脸、出丑 " 答案为:D
第四段:进一步讲喜。 "needles":"注射器"
第五段:存在的问题。 "harsh":"严厉的" "contribute to":"加剧了" "but for":"要不是,如果不是"
对应第3题:逻辑结构题。(难) 答案为:C
对应第4题 答案为:B
对应第5题 答案为:D
(一)课外阅读Text 4(课外阅读) [2003 RC Text 1]正确答案:B. A. C. D. B文 章 解 析
第一段:互联网改变了间*职业。 关键词:"Internet" , "spying"
对应第1题 "re-made/reshaping"="remold":"使重新成型、塑造" 答案为:B
第二段:进一步阐述间*工作的革命。 对应第2题:逻辑结构题。 答案为:A
第三段:举例说明。 对应第3题:词组设意题。 解题技巧:瞻前顾后。 答案为:C
第四段:Straitford 公司所取得的成就。 对应第4题: "fairly reliable":"还算是可靠的"。 答案为:D
第五段:总结归纳Straitford公司成功的原因。 "brief":"短信" "back-and-forthing":"来来往往的报告"
对应第5题: "conform to":"符合、遵守" "conformist":"为别人所左右的、不独立的" "nonconformist":"不墨守陈规的,即独立的"。 答案为:B
2006北京太奇学校考研英 (二)(上) Text1 [2005 RC Text 2] 正确答案:C. D. A. D. B文 章 解 析
第一段:人们过去对吸烟问题的两种不同看法。 "lobby":"游说" "out of the way":"碍事 "
第二段:对地球变暖问题的两种不同看法。 "concerning":"关于、有关"
第三段: "a people":"民众" "take out":"申请得到"
第四段: "fortunately":承上启下 "paralysis":"麻痹、瘫痪"
第五段:我们应该采取的态度和措施。 "serve as":"当好" "steward":"管理者""the Administration":"美国政府" "fashioning":"形成、制定" "bill":"账单;提案" "incentive":"刺激、奖励" "promising":"有出息的、有前途的"
对应第1题: [A] ."no"绝对化 [B] ."insignificant"正反颠倒 [C] .反话正说 [D] .无中生有 答案为:C
对应第2题:(从文中找这个人说的话,就为考点。) 答案为:D
对应第3题: [A] .文章主题 答案为:A
对应第4题: 答案为:D
对应第5题:逻辑框架题。 [A] ."negligence":"疏忽;玩忽职守" 答案为:B
(二)(下) 2006 – KY-- 1 Text 2 [2002 RC Text 4]
正确答案:C. A. B. D. C文 章 解 析
第一段:美国人认为死亡是可以选择的。 关键词:"inevitable", " pressing" 对应第1题:总结归纳题
答案为:C
第二段:死亡是正常的,我们往往不能正确对待死亡是 正常的。提出论点、论据。 关键词:"perish"、"frustrated" 对应第2题:逻辑结构题,论据说明论点 答案为:A
第三段:巨大的医疗的浪费使有些人提出极端的看法。 关键词:"the old and infirm"
第四段:举例说明预防有效(作者的态度)。 对应第3题:解题技巧:从宏观解决微观 答案为:B
第五段:通过对比得出结论。对应第4题: 答案为:D 对应第5题:解题技巧把握文章的主题 答案:C
Text 3 正确答案:C. D. C. B. A文 章 解 析
第一段:主题句;铁路不断联合造成垄断 关键词:"railroads、combining、merging"
第二段;公路货运对垄断的强烈竞争 对应第1题:细节理解题 。 答案为:C
第三段:老客户的遭遇 。 "captive":"逃不了的" 对应第2题:细节归纳题。 答案为:D
对应第3题:推理判断题。 答案为:C
第四段:铁路公司的解释。 "subscribe to":"定购、订阅;同意" "arbiters":"裁判员"
对应第4题:词汇设意题。 答案为:B
第五段:铁路公司合并、兼并垄断引起费用提高的本质原因。"worry":对应文章第2题
"keep up with":"保持、跟上" "acquire":"(经济学上)收购、兼并" "cheer on":"为谁而高兴"
"grip":"控制" "be in the grip of":"在谁的控制之下" 对应第5题:全文主旨题。 答案为:A
(三)(上) 2006 – KY--3 II. Use of English (Cloze) (2005年全国统考试题)
正答案(1-5) C. B. A. C. B (6-10) A. D. A. D. B (11-15) C. A. D. C. D (16-20) B. C. D. A. B文 章 解 析
考试大纲对英语知识运用的要求:主要考察考生对不同语境当中规范的语言要素:1.词汇 2.表达方式 3.结构的掌握程度,同时还要考察考生对语段特征:4.连贯性 5.一致性的识别能力。
方法:顺藤摸瓜,瞻前顾后,顾全大局,认清细节。
第一段: "underrated":"被低估了的" "insensitive":"不敏感的"
第3题:"commit oneself to doing sth":"诚若要做什么"
"dedicate to":"专注于,投入于,投身于做什么" "confine":"由于外界条件而受限制"
第7题:顾全大局题。 "distinguishing":"区别气味"
第8题:"dilute":"稀释""dissolve":"(本意)溶解...;(引申)使...消失" "disperse":"驱赶" "diffuse":"气味的扩散、传播"
第9题:"whereas , while":"均可表示相反的意思"
第10题:"sth is peculiar + to(介词) sb":"什么事是什么人所独有的"
第12题:"at large":"=at last最终;逍遥法外的"
第13题:"subject sb to ":"使某人遭受..."
(三)(下) 2006 – KY--3 IV. Reading Comprehension Part B [2005年统考试题] 正确答案:E. C. G. F. B
文 章 解 析 解题方法:1.段落结构原则; 2.段落与段落之间的逻辑一致性和连贯性原则 3.关键信息词,一般在句子的主语或者是宾语 4.全文的起、承、转、和
I. 语言基础知识练习: Vocabulary. 正确答案:C. B. C. C. A解 析
第1题:"word":"消息=news"
第2题:"comply with":"遵守" "consent with/to":"同意一个人的看法或观点" "conform to":"随大流"
第3题:"substantial":"牢固的、结实的;丰盛的" "simultaneous":"同时的"
"synthetic":"人工合成的;假惺惺的" "spontaneous":"自然的,没有经过精心准备的"
第4题:"scope":"给人发挥能力的空间""capacity":"容量有多大"
第5题:"inspiring":"灵感刺激""stimulating":"加深印象"
V. English-Chinese Translation [2005年统考试题] 大纲要求:1.准确理解概念. 2.结构较复杂的英语材料的能力。
解题技巧:宁死不活;先死后活;切忌半死不活
参 考 译 文代词所指:临近原则;逻辑原则
46.电视使手段之一,通过这种手段这些情感得以创造和传送,也许在欧洲近来发生的事情当中,电视把不同的民族和国家连在一起起了很大的作用。
(专家组答案:电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一——在欧洲近来发生的事件中,电视把不同的民族和国家连到一起,其作用之大前所未有。)
47.在欧洲,像其他地方一样,多媒体的集团已经越来越成功了,这些多媒体的集团把电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社组合在一起,这些媒体相互关联。
(专家组答案:在欧洲,象在其他地方一样,传媒集团越来越成功,这些集团将相关的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社组合在一起。)
48.这点表明,电视这个行业不容易生存下来49.50
III. 长难句翻译练习:Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the underlined parts.
1. Young scientists cannot realize too soon that existing scientific knowledge is not nearly so complete, certain and unalterable as many textbooks seem to imply.
1.参考译文:年轻的科学家应该尽快的意识到,现有的科学知识不象教科书所说的那样全面、肯定和一成不变。
3. Machine translation, whereby ultimately, a text in one language could be fed into a machine to produce an accurate translation in another language without further human intervention, has been largely concentrated on the language of science and technology, with its restricted vocabulary and overall likeness of style, for both linguistic and economic reasons.(结构)
whereby=by which
3.参考译文:凭借机器翻译,最终一种语言的文章能输到机器里以产生另一种语言的确切译文,不需要人的进一步干预,机器翻译主要集中于科技语言方面,这是因为语言和经济的原因导致了科技语言的词汇有限而风格又大体相似。
(四)(上)2006 – KY--4 I. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案:(1-5)B.C.D.A.C. (6-10)A.D.C.C.B (11-15)B.D.A.B.C (16-20)D.D.A.B.A
文 章 解 析
第1题."consuming":"消费,强调消耗:时间、能源、食物等"
第4题:"rise in":"在什么方面有所增加""give rise to":"引起、导致...的发生"
第5题:"depict as+形容词 / depict ... as+描绘一副画"
第6题:"undermined":"暗中破坏、逐渐消弱" "damaged":"把东西弄怀"
第7题:"depend on"、"rely on"、"rest on"均为依靠,意思相近 "count":"指望得到..."
第10题:"put up with":"忍受" "keep up with":"跟得上" "fall in with":"同意;符合;一致"
第11题:"occasions":"强调一种场合""positions":"一个人的观点、立场"
第13题:"keep up":"维持" "keep to":"保持一个人的信用" "reckon on":"依靠;指望..."
"reckon with":"估计到、预料到...=deal with处理 、对付"
第18题"measures":"计算" "estimates":"估计" "assesses":"强调事故后的损失""evaluates":"评估、估价"
III. 选择搭配题 Directions正确答案:B. F. E. A. C
(三)(下) VI. Writing Part A 参 考 译 文
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing to inform you of my decision to quit my present job. The reasons are as follows.
first of all ,the salary is lower than what I have expected , secondly ,I have just bought a new apartment house , which is far from my office ,and I don’t want to waste too much time on the road. ...... this job is not too my liking any longer 。So I really want to try something new.
I do hope that you can approve my resignation. I feel sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
V. English-Chinese Translation [2005年统考试题]
(48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.
(49) Creating a "European identity" that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -- that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.
(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say. "United we stand, divided we fall"
参 考 译 文
48.这一点足以表明,电视行业并不容易生存,统计数字尤其说明了这一事实,在80个欧洲电视网中达一半1989年亏损。
49.这个欧洲品牌尊重不同的文化和传统,这些文化和传统是连接欧洲这个古老大陆的纽带,创造这个品牌是不容易的他需要一个战略性的选择。
(专家组答案:不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体,要创造成一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的欧洲品牌决非易事需要人们做出战略性的选择。)
50.应付如此大规模的挑战,说"联合我们就生存,***我们就灭亡"不夸张。
(四)(下) 2006 – KY--4
II. 长难句翻译练习:Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. Undisputed evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.
"undisputed":"无可争辩的" "self-evidence":"不言自明的" "I hold it self-evidence that":"我们认为这一点是不言自明的"
参考译文:出现了证据表明,六个月大的小孩就能辨明具体的声音。
IV. English-Chinese Translation 参 考 译 文
1.科学家的任务是了解宇宙并且积累关于宇宙的知识,同时如果可能的话还要找到那些潜在的普遍因素解释他所了解的知识。
2.这种方法也可以用来回答毫不相干的问题,象"铁非得在潮湿的条件下才能生锈吗?哪一种的大豆在一个季节里产量最高?"
3.科学家很高兴的发现,对于很多现象的潜在的解释表明了一种通过精心安排的重要的试验证明这种解释本身是否精确的可能性。
4.5.
(二)(下) 2006 – KY--2 I. Reading ComprehensionText
4 (课外阅读)正确答案:A. B. A. B. D文 章 解 析
第一段:事件发生(时间、地点)。 对应第1题:细节因果题。
第二段:船没有打捞起来的原因。 对应第2题:细节因果题 "feasible"——"不切实际的"
第三段:打捞的经过。 "confirm":"确认;证实" 对应第3题:细节归纳题。
第四段:打捞的经过。
第五段:打捞的经过。 "scan":"浏览;搜索" "on +表示动作的名词/动名词":"一...以后"
对应第4题: "sophisticated"——"高级的、尖端的、精辟的、形容人有经验的、老奸巨猾的"
第六段:结果。 "immense":"adj 巨大的"
对应第5题:推理判断题。 A. "be at an end"——"结束了 " B. "come true""实现了" D. "promise"——"希望"
II. Writing: (提纲式议论作文)
The Importance of Confidence
Whatever one done ,he should do it with confidence .If one has no confidence (without confidence), there is little possibility that he can achieve anything when faced with hardships . This truth seems to be evident (obvious/clear).In reality however , we do see a lot of people who always complain that they lack the ability to do something . All that the situation critical for them to deal with. For some, this might be true. But for many others, this only shows that they have lost confidence.
Why do some people often feel frustrated even though they are capable of doing something? I think there are two main reasons. In the first place, they don’t have a correct estimate of themselves. For example, in the face of the postgraduate entrance examination, some of us tend to lose heart and give in. Secondly, there is another possibility that they often exaggerate the difficulties they meet with. It seems to them that the hardships are too great to get over. They can’t see that all the barriers can be broken through only if they make painstaking efforts.
In my opinion, one should build up faith in oneself as long as he has a right attitude towards his own abilities. We should neither underestimate nor overestimate our abilities. As a proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” With confidence we can certainly cope with any task we are confronted with. (237 words)
(五)(上)2006 – KY--5 I. Reading Comprehension
Text 1 [2005 RC Text 3] 正确答案:A. C. D. D. A文 章 解 析
第一段:研究人员对梦的研究和看法。 "be componed of" "suspend":"把...东西悬挂起来;暂停"
"the disguised shadows":"变相的反映" "neurologists":"神经学家" "switch to":"转而" "think A of B":"把...认为是..."
"suspect":"v. 相信;n. 嫌疑犯" "harness":"控制"
第二段:作者提到边缘系统来说明梦与情感之间的关系。
"depress":"沮丧;(经济上)萧条"
第三段:进一步说明通过边缘系统说明梦与情感之间的关系。 "show up":"在规定的时间地点到达某地-出现"
"clinic":"诊所" "work through":"穿透;克服" "be occupy with":"充满了;忙于做..."
第四段:Cartwright论述意识对梦的影响。
第五段:Cartwright给你的建议。 "persistent":"持续" "or rather":"更确切的说" "mason":"泥瓦工"——改——"reason"
第1题:[A]."modify":"adj.羞涩;改变(总是往好的方向改变)"
[B]."susceptible to":"容易受到影响或损坏的;对..明感的"
[C]."innermost":"最深的" 关键信号词连接
第2题:逻辑结构题。 [B]."mechanism":"机理" [D].以次充主
第3题: [A]."aggravate":"恶化" [B].正反颠倒
第4题: [A]."rid of":"摆脱"
第5题: 对应第五段第三行
(五)(上) 2006 – KY--5 I. Reading Comprehension
Text 2 [2004 RC Text 3] 正确答案:D. A. B. A. C文 章 解 析
第一段:美国的经济不景气。 "do without""down scaling":"规模缩小,生意萧条" "department store":"百货商店"
"abandon"="desert":"抛弃"
第二段:尽管经济萧条但前景乐观。"outlet":"电源插座;让...流出来;直销店" "revenue":"零销商"
"take in":"进帐" "panicked":"惊恐、恐慌" "modest belt-tighten":"适当减少消费"
第三段:消费者仍然乐观,以房地产为例。 "in despair":"绝望" "steady":"稳定"
第四段:透过经济减慢看到了未来光明的一面。 "silver lining":"暗喻 光明有利的一面"
第1题:句子设意题。代入法第4题: [B].以点代面 [D]."enhance":"提高"后面跟抽象名词
第5题:作者观点——全文主旨题 [B]."remedy":"补救办法" [D]."venture":"冒险"
Text 3 正确答案:C. B. B. D. A文 章 解 析
第一段:评论历史学家对18世纪英国奢侈品消费增长的看法。 "market":"市场";"marketing动名词":"销售"
第二段:谁是消费者。
第三段:他们的消费动机是什么。"conspicuous":"引人注目的,明显的"
第四段:这种对奢侈品消费产生的社会影响。 "go a long way toward":"有助于" "have sth to do with":"与...有关"
第1题:逻辑结构题 解题思路——论据说明论点
第2题:细节类比题
第3题:逻辑框架题
第5题:总结归纳题
(五)(下) 2006 – KY--5
Text 4 (课外阅读) 正确答案:D. A. C. B. D文 章 解 析
第一段:领导应该具备的基本条件。
第二段:领导和作风之间的关系。
第三段:进一步阐述这种关系。
第四段:决定一个领导质量的内因和外因。 "as much as":"和...一样"
第1题:细节理解题。
第2题:细节推理题。 "be typical of":"是...所特有的"
第3题:细节理解题。 [B]."not so much... as...":"与其说...不如说..." A. D.绝对化
第4题:总结归纳题。
第5题:全文主旨题。
II. Writing (I)
(六)(上)2006 – KY--6 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1 [2005 RC Text 3] 正确答案:B. D. A. B. C文 章 解 析
第一段:McWhorter's对规范英语衰退的看法。"command":"命令;掌握,精通" "counter-culture":"反文化、反潮流"
"responsible for":"是...的原因"
第二段:McWhorter's对规范英语衰退的看法。"blam":"责备,谴责" "permissive":"允许;放纵的""decline":"衰退、减少"
"no more +adj +than":"和...一样都不....""case-ending":"格尾" "regrettable":"令人遗憾的"
第三段:现代语言发展的现状和趋势。 "cult":"崇拜" "spell":"拼写;导致、招惹" "modestly":"适当的"
"put pen to paper":"着手写信" "capture":"捕捉""performative":"有表现力的" "genre":"题材" "claim":"领取、要求"
第四段:进一步论证语言变化的看法。 "subtitle":"小标题" "dialect":"方言" "think straight":"思维清楚"
"talk proper":"讲话不规范"
第五段:作者观点。 "old-fashion":"老气横秋" "grieving over":"对...感到伤感、悲痛"
第1题: [D]."bright about":"引起"
第2题: [A].谦虚 [B].个性 [B].生动 [D].非正式的、口语化
第4题: [D].张冠李戴
第5题:细节类比题 [C]."functional":"实用的" "artisic":"艺术性的"
(六)(下)2006 – KY--6 I. Reading Comprehension
Text 1正确答案:B. D. A. B. C文 章 解 析
第一段:McWhorter's对规范英语衰退的看法。 "command":"命令;掌握,精通" "counter-culture":"反文化、反潮流"
"responsible for":"是...的原因"
第二段:McWhorter's对规范英语衰退的看法。 "blam":"责备,谴责" "permissive":"允许;放纵的"
"decline":"衰退、减少" "no more +adj +than":"和...一样都不...." "case-ending":"格尾" "regrettable":"令人遗憾的"
第三段:现代语言发展的现状和趋势。 "cult":"崇拜" "spell":"拼写;导致、招惹" "modestly":"适当的"
"put pen to paper":"着手写信" "capture":"捕捉" "performative":"有表现力的" "genre":"题材" "claim":"领取、要求"
第四段:进一步论证语言变化的看法。 "subtitle":"小标题" "dialect":"方言" "think straight":"思维清楚" "talk proper":"讲话不规范"
第五段:作者观点。 "old-fashion":"老气横秋" "grieving over":"对...感到伤感、悲痛"
第1题: [D]."bright about":"引起"
第2题: [A].谦虚 [B].个性 [B].生动 [D].非正式的、口语化
第4题: [D].张冠李戴
第5题:细节类比题 [C]."functional":"实用的" "artisic":"艺术性的"
Text 2 [2004 RC Text 4 ] 正确答案:C. A. D. B. C文 章 解 析
第一段:美国的社会和学校重视实践而不重视理性才智。 "intellect":"理性的才智" "for the sake of":"为了...起见"
第二段:Ravitch 的观点。 "trace":"探索,跟踪;痕迹" "anything but":"完全不、绝对不、一点都不"
第三段:作者和 Shorris 的观点。 "vulnerable":"容易受到伤害的" "civil":"国内的;文明的"
第四段:Hofstadter分析美国反组织主义的历史根源。 "urge":"n.强烈的要求、热切的期望"
第五段:Emerson的观点。"schooling":"上学" "rigorous":"严格的,严峻的"
第六段:Hofstadter对Emerson观点的批判。
第七段:结论 "in the grips of":"在...控制下" "hostility":"敌视"
第1题:细节归纳题。 第一段和第二段
第3题: [C].为"户为补充的"
第4题: [B]. 中"opponent":"反对者"
第5题: [A].中"second to":"仅次于"
(四)(下)2006 – KY--4
II. 长难句翻译练习:Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
2. The latest study follows works published in 1999 showing that wild chimpanzees(猩猩) have a relatively sophisticated culture in which they are able to pass on ideas and inventions to their offspring through teaching and learning. "works":"研究成果"
3.And their freedom to judge authority is accompanied by their willingness to be judged. Their caution reposes upon(依靠) their unwillingness to exercise any authority or responsibility for which they do not feel themselves to be solidly prepared and adequate. They hate the false and they shrink from those conspicuous roles which all but inevitably require a certain amount of it.
"reposes upon":"建立在...基础之上,基于..." "all but"="almost"
参考译文:他们毫无拘束的评论权威,同时也愿意接受别人的评论。他们的谨慎是因为不愿意行使自认为不能胜任或没有充分准备的权力或责任,他们厌恶虚伪并且在那些高位前踌躇不前,这些高位几乎不可避免的都需要一定程度的虚伪。
IV. English-Chinese Translation 参 考 译 文
4.19、20世纪,科学知识的快速增长很容易给学生和老师们一种印象:问题一旦出现,答案马上就会出来。
5.在简单的描述科学发现时,老师们往往忘记了在科学真理被发现之前的长时间的误解、错误的假设以及不确定性。
V. Writing Practice参考译文
Dear Sir / Madam,
Allow me to introduce myself. My name is Li Ming. At present I’m preparing for a national English test. Therefore, I badly need a good dictionary. Would you please tell me something able the dictionary. What's kinds of dictionary are available in your book store ?Which one suits me a best? Besides, I also want to know how I will pay for it. Please tell me whether I should pay in cash or check. By the way, if everything goes smoothly, when can I get the dictionary? In what way would you transfer the book to me?
Thank you very much for your time. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
(七)(上)2006 – KY-- 7
II. Use of English (Cloze) 正确答案:(1-5)D. C. C. B. B (6-10)A. D. C. D. C (11-15)D. A. B. B. A文 章 解 析
第一段:"assume":"假设、推理、预计、认为" "ritualistic":"仪式的"
第三段:"tend to":"倾向于...,(人)动不动就怎么样""attention span":"人集中注意的时间"
第3题:[A]. go outdoor 不加of
第4题:[A]. "in essence":"从本质上讲,从根本上讲(事物的精华部分)" [C.] [D].强调特点特性
第6题:[A]. "aware":"见多识广的,见博广闻的"
第10题:[C]. "cite":"引证别人的成果"
III. 选择搭配题 参 考 译 文
1. 以前的金属雕刻家所用的材料很有限,只能用一种密度很大的青铜铸形,而现在他们可以制成像纸一样的金属薄板和弯曲的金属条组合而成的作品。
2. 雕刻作品的各个组成部分,不再被看做是彼此的位置必须是固定的,而是作为运动物体制成的作品内部,他们可以改变位置;使雕刻作品有动感只是20世纪30年代取得的进步之一。
3. 这种动感使得人们对雕刻的统一性问题有了新的认识:即一件作品的组成部分之间可以有很大变化,甚至是可以不协调;但他们的统一的外观可以在一种特殊运动的弧形中逐渐的形成。
4. 但是采用了以前从没有在艺术创作中运用过的,可是又是随处可以找到的材料,比如说报纸、以及金属管。
5. 但他确实是雕刻实践中的变革,因为它增加了这样的可能性:雕刻也许更加注重观念上的变化而不仅仅是所用材料的改变。
(七)(下)2006 – KY-- 7
I. 语言基础知识练习:Structure. 正确答案:B. B. A. B. B解 析第2题:"result in+结果","result from +原因"
(八)(上)2006 – KY-- 8
I. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案:(1-5)C. D. A. D. A (6-10)B. B. D. A. B (11-15)A. C. D. B. A (16-20)B. B. D. A. C文 章 解 析
第3题:"interactions":"交往" "assimilation":"同化" "cooperation":"合作" "consultation":"咨询,磋商"
第4题:"return":"对...的回报" "replay":"对问题的回答"
第8题: "be subject to=be open to":"有待于 后+批评、怀疑、争议等"
第11题:"in general":"普遍意义上的"
第12题:"in short":"总之" "in turn":"反过来" "in essence":"从根本上讲"
III. Directions正确答案:C. A. F. G. D
(八)(下)2006 – KY-- 8 IV. English-Chinese Translation 参 考 译 文
1. 不久以前,同样的技术已经被系统的用于研究近代的文化,这种研究被称为“历史考古学”,这个术语在美国用来表示欧洲人到达以后的对北美遗址所进行的各种考古勘察。
2. 到5、6十年代,这种修复热就大大的降温了。在这期间参加历史考古学研究的大部分人毕业于大学人类学系,他们在人类学系里面学习、研究史前文化。
3. 由于他们从事的历史专业,往往需要阅读大量的书面文件,同时他们对这些时期的历史知识通常很有限,所以他们对研究美国历史所做的贡献就更加局限了。
4. 这些研究者试图表明,他们的工作不仅对科学而且对历史都有价值,并使我们能进一步了解老百姓的日常生活,否则的话这些普通百姓的生活就得不到如此清晰的记录。
5. 例如,在纽约Kingston发掘出了证据表明,据推测在荷兰人控制这区贸易的时候,英国货通过走私进入该市。
(七)(下)2006 – KY-- 7 VI. Writing Practice 参 考 译 文
Dear Sir / Madam
I would appreciate it very much if you would send me some information about the textbook Practice, Plan and Write, which your company published last year. I would like to know how much the book costs, how many hours of class per week it is design for, and whether a teacher's manual is available. I'm considering using this textbook in our adult English language program .
In addition to be above information ,would you please send your catalogue of textbooks in the field of ESL.
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
2006北京太奇学校考研英语强化班授课讲义(八)(下)V. Writing Directions: 参 考 译 文
Dear Henry,
My best friend Tom will be in Vancouver on business the week of April 10. He is director of marketing for a large carton manufacturer. I thought that you and he would enjoin meeting each other schedule permitting.
I told Tom you are doing research for a textbook on the use of graphics designs in advertising. Tom was very interested in your projects and how it might apply to the sales of cartons ,which his company makes and prints.
If you have the time, give him a call at 241-0310, Room 601. I told him you might be tie out that week ,so he will understand if he doesn't here from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
(六)(下) 2006 – KY-- 6 Text 3
正确答案:B. C. A. A. B
文 章 解 析
第一段:
第二段:对姑息疗法的研究重视不够。
第三段:
第四段:美国的政策问题。 "coverage":"报道;覆盖面"
第五段:由此造成的后果。
第六段:全文结论。 第2题:"be intend to do sth":"打算干什么"
第3题: [A]."overlook=neglect":"忽视了,没看出来,没重视;看漏了"
第4题:"simultaneously=at the same time":"同时的"
Text 4 (课外阅读)
正确答案:B. D. D. A .A
文 章 解 析
第一段:石油供应短缺引起油价上涨。
第二段:进一步分析石油价格上涨的原因。
第三段:尽管油价上涨但是对经济的影响不大。
第四段:油价的上涨对于富国影响不大。
第五段:第2题:"retail price":"零售价" 答案为: D
(九)(下)2006 – KY--9 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1 正确答案:D. A. A. C. B文 章 解 析
第一段:韩国妇女的研究项目。 "dismiss":"解雇;解散;dismiss A as B 认为不屑一顾,因为它是B"
"reservations":"预定;保留" "approach":"态度,方法" "thus far":"=so far 到现在为止"
"yield":"产生";"yield to":"屈服于" "inform":"通知;贯穿"
第二段:以性格形成为例来说明东西方文化的差异。 "assume":"认为、假设、设想;假装;采取;承担"
第三段:进一步举例说明韩国人对依赖性的看法。 "context":"上下文;环境" "dependency":"依赖性"
第1题: [A]. 太笼统 [C]. 文中没提到
第2题: [A]. "be critical...of":"对...持批判态度 "critical":"关键的,严重的;批判的"
Text 2 正确答案:C. B. B. D. C文 章 解 析
第一段:自主网络主要是解决劳动力和客户问题。 一个名词前面加个"sub"表示——"亚的、小的"
第二段:自主网络系统的功能。
第三段:自主网络系统的形式。
第1题:细节类比题。 答案为:C
第2题:逻辑结构题。 答案为:B
第3题;细节归纳题。 答案为:B
第4题;细节归纳题。 答案为:D
第5题;细节归纳题。 答案为:C
Text 3 [2002 RC 2] 正确答案:C. C. D. B. C文 章 解 析
第一段:机器人技术的任务。
第二段:各种智能装置的出现。
第三段:下一阶段我们的任务。
第四段:道路是艰难的。 "mixed"——"有喜有忧的"
第1题: B.概念绝对化 C可以概括B D. "elite"——"精英人才" 答案为:C
第2题:词汇设意题。 答案为:C
第3题:总结归纳题。 答案为:D
第4题: 答案为:B
第5题:逻辑结构题。 答案为:C
(九)(下) 2006 – KY-- 9
Text 4 (课外阅读) [98年阅读考试文章,试题重编] 正确答案:A. D. B. C. A文 章 解 析
第一段:科学和人文之间的分类。
第二段:举例说明。
第三段:举例说明。
第四段:什么是真正的反科学。 "believe in":"表示一种信念"
第五段:什么并不是反科学。 "smallpox":"天花"
第六段:不能把有一些正确的东西也说成反科学。
第七段:举例说明。
第八段:乱扣帽子造成的人们的担心。 "enlighten":"启迪、开化、使谁更有文化"
第1题:逻辑结构题。(考论据说明论点) "hostile":"敌视" "conspicuous":"引人注目的" 答案为:A
第2题: 答案为:D
第3题: "others":"其他的和主语相同性质的人" 答案为:B
第4题: 答案为:C
第5题: "neutral"=" impartial 公平的" "subjective":"主观的" "biased":"片面的" "puzzling":"令人困惑的" 答案:A
(十) (上) 2006– KY-- 10 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1正确答案:B. D. D. A. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:心理学与大部分的科学不一样。 "ways":"人们的风俗习性" "command":"命令;精通;得到、博得"
第二段:心理学与自然科学不同在什么地方。 "formulate":"系统阐述" "conceive":"体会"
第三段:心理学发展缓慢的原因。 "paradoxically":"事情反常的是" "illusions":"幻想" "vast":"多如牛毛、汗牛充栋"
"meager":"贫乏的、寥寥无几" "contrast":"对照"
第2题: "when it comes to":"当谈到...的时候" 答案为:D
第4题: "facilitate":"使..更方便" 名词:"facility事实";"facilitation方便" 答案为:A
(十) (下) 2006– KY-- 10 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1 正确答案:B. D. D. A. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:心理学与大部分的科学不一样。 "ways":"人们的风俗习性" "command":"命令;精通;得到、博得"
第二段:心理学与自然科学不同在什么地方。 "formulate":"系统阐述" "conceive":"体会"
第三段:心理学发展缓慢的原因。 "paradoxically":"事情反常的是" "illusions":"幻想" "vast":"多如牛毛、汗牛充栋"
"meager":"贫乏的、寥寥无几" "contrast":"对照"
第2题: "when it comes to":"当谈到...的时候" 答案为:D
第4题: "facilitate":"使..更方便" 名词:"facility事实";"facilitation方便" 答案为:A
Text 2 正确答案:D. B. A. C. B文 章 解 析
第一段:经济全球化发生的第三产业的转移。
第二段:这种迁移产生的影响。 "adjustment":"调整、改变" "chip":"芯片" "accounting":"财会"
"migration":"流动" "recruits":"新招募的人"
第三段:这种迁移的势头凶猛。 "dimensions":"范围大小" "come into focus":"越来越明显"
第四段:这种迁移将会为发达国家产生新的突破。 "cyclical":"周期性的" "flinging off":"脱掉、甩掉、逃掉"
第五段:这种迁移产生的后果。 "locomotive":"火车头"
第六段:美国应该怎么办。 "capital market":"资本市场"
第1题:细节理解题。 B. "manual":"体力的"——概念偷换 答案为:D
第4题: "breakthroughs":"突破" 答案为:C
Text 3 正确答案:D. B. B. C. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:媒体的作用。 "impact":"影响"
第二段:电子媒体的作用更大。
第三段:举例说明媒体的正面和反面的影响。 "jury":"陪审团" "verdict":"裁决"
第1题: B. "cover":"报道" 答案为:D
第2题:是非判断题。 答案为:B
第3题: 答案为:B
第4题:细节因果题。 "break out""爆发" "innocent":"无辜的、无罪的" 答案为:C
第5题: 答案为:C
(十一)(上) 2006 – KY-- 11 I. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案:(1-5)C. D. A. C. B (6-10)A. D. C. B. A (11-15)B. C. B. A. D (16-20)D. A. C. D. B文 章 解 析
第1题:"up":"表示从古至今,从上到下"
第8题:"throw off":"在比赛中击败对手"
第11题:"higher":"比例的高低"
第13题:"associate with":"看见什么所产生的联想"
第17题:"tied":"领带;纽带"
II. Directions正确答案:F. A. E. C. B
(十一)(下) 2006 – KY-- 11 III. English-Chinese Translation: 译 文
1.这些历史学家认为这些历史学家相反把注意力集中在工厂工作上,这主要因为工厂工作看起来与那些传统的在家里不给报酬的女性工作大不相同,同时还因为人们把工业化的潜在经济力量看作是不分性别的,因而实际上是起到解放妇女的作用。
2.为了解释关于这场妇女地位未完成的革命,历史学家已经开始强调这样一个方面,即一个关于女子气质的流行的定义,定义通常决定了分配给女子工作的种类。即使这种分配已经不适应新的形式了.
3.例如,早期的纺织厂的厂主,为了证明在那些工资劳动中雇用妇女是正确的,他们充分的利用了这种观点,即女性天生就善于做那些细致的工作,而且有耐心做琐碎性的杂活。
4.因为女性比男性更容易接受那些没有吸引力的工业生产任务,这羊的生产任务被慢慢的看作女性工作。
5.一旦某一个职业被认为是女性的,雇主们几乎就没有兴趣去改变这种认识,即使此时可以得到更多的收益。
IV. Writing Directions: 参 考 译 文
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing to apologize for missing my appointment yesterday afternoon. I had written appointment on my calendar and looking forward to the occasion , but somehow I got my days mixed up ,and didn’t realize the mistake until this morning. I had planed to call you in the morning , but an unexpected task tied me up.
Please forgive me. I would like to call you on Friday to see if it is possible for you to re-schedule this appointment at your convenience. I hope that you would still like to see me. I am waiting for your reply.
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
(十二) (上) 2006– KY-- 12 II. 语言基础知识练习:Vocabulary 正确答案:C. A. C. A. A
I. Use of English (Cloze)正确答案:(1-5)A. B. D. C. A. (6-10)D. B. C. B. C. (11-15)A. C. B. D. A. (16-20)C. D. B. A. D.
文 章 解 析
第2题:名词"make provision for":"对于什么做未雨绸缪的准备"
第4题:"first served":"谁先来谁先得到服务"
第6题:"cave":"洞穴" "nest":"鸟巢" "residence":"人类的居住场所" "habitat":"栖息地"
第9题:"conflict over":"争论" ="dispute争论" ="controversy over在什么方面有争议"
第16题:"successor":"继承人"
第18题:"mechanism for":"机制"
第20题:"apply to":"什么适用于什么"
IV. 选择搭配题 正确答案:E. A. B. C. D.
III. 长难句翻译练习: Translate the following sentences into Chinese: 难 点 词 汇
1."take a back seat to":"退居二线,让位于"
2."prepare the way for":"为...铺好了道路"
3."eccentric orbit":"偏心轨道"
4."synthetically":"通过合成的手段";"假的,假慈悲"
V. English-Chinese Translation
1) Being under-industrialized, these countries are largely dependent on imports to supply the equipment needed to produce the raw materials they export. This also applies to the manufactured goods required to provide their populations with the 'necessities of life' --- a concept which is continually being enlarged through the mass media of communication such as newspapers, films, the radio and advertising. 2) This economic structure makes it difficult for them to avoid being politically dependent on the countries which absorb their exports and provide their essential imports.
Although it is obvious that industrialization is the key to development, it is usually very difficult for emerging countries to carry out plans of this nature. 3) In the first place, to set up modern industries necessitates capital on a large scale, which only industrialized regions are able to provide; secondly, they lack the necessary trained manpower; thirdly, their industries --- when established --- are usually not efficient enough to compete with foreign imports, and any restriction on these imports is likely to lead to counteraction against their own exports.
4) From another point of view, it is necessary to bear in mind that there are invariably political, educational, social and psychological obstacles which tend to interfere seriously with any measures taken to deal with the economic difficulties outlined above. To consider only one point: it is obviously useless to devote great efforts and expense to education, technical training and planning if, for psychological reasons, the population as a whole fails to turn theory into effective action.
5) To conclude, it seems clear that if we are to succeed in solving the many interrelated problems of underdevelopment, only the fullest and most intelligent use of the resources of all branches of science will enable us to do so. How is this to be done? Do you have any suggestions to make? (308 words)
参 考 译 文
1.因为这些国家工业化程度不足,这些国家主要依赖进口设备来生产用于出口的原材料
2.这种经济结构使得这些工业欠发达国家很难避免在政治上依赖那些发达国家,因为这些发达国家一方面吸纳那些工业欠发达国家的出口同时还给他们提供必要的进口。***
3. 4. 5.
(十二) (上) 2006– KY-- 12 V. English-Chinese Translation
参 考 译 文
1.因为这些国家工业化程度不足,这些国家主要依赖进口设备来生产用于出口的原材料。
2.这种经济结构使得这些工业欠发达国家很难避免在政治上依赖那些发达国家,因为这些发达国家一方面吸纳那些工业欠发达国家的出口同时还给他们提供必要的进口。***
3.首先,建立现代化工业需要大规模的资本,只有那些工业发达地区能够提供这些大规模资本,其次,这些新兴国家缺乏足够的训练有素的人才。再者,这些新兴国家的工业一旦建立起来通常效率不高,不能和外国的进口商品竞争,而一旦限制进口就会引发别国对这些新兴国家出口商品的DIZHI。
4.从另一个角度看,有必要记住总有一些政治、教育、社会和心理上的障碍,这些障碍总是严重的干扰任何用来对付上述经济困难的措施。
5.总之,有一点是很清楚的:如果我们想要成功地解决欠发达中很多相互关联的问题只有最充分最明智的运用科学的各个分支给我们提供资源才能使我们解决这些问题。
VI. Writing Practice参 考 译 文
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am a senior student majoring in Computer Science at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, to graduate in the coming summer .I wish to go to the United States for further studies in my major. there for I'm writing to inquire about the possibility of being enrolled in your University as a graduate students from Sep,2005 .
Please send me information on admission to your university. As I have no relative in the U.S., I would also like to know about procedures for apply for scholarship .
Thank you very much. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
(十) (下) 2006– KY-- 10 I. Reading Comprehension: Text 4 (课外阅读)
正确答案:D. A. B. A. D 文 章 解 析
第一段:目前世界人口的状况。
第二段:人口增长比例。
第三段:人口的增长和生活水平的关系。
第四段:举例说明。
(十三) (上) 2006– KY-- 13 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1正确答案:C. B. B. A. D 文 章 解 析
第一段:背景、铺垫。 "dictate":"口述;强行制定" "do away with":"废除;杀掉" "document": "v. 用文字说明"
第二段:提出主题:儿童文学对废除奴隶制的影响。 第一句问为文章主题句 "impetus":"推动"
第三段:举例说明。 "take issue with":"与某某人争论" "think nothing of":"对什么毫不在意"
"implicit":"隐含的、含蓄的、没有明确说明的"—反义词"explicit"——"一目了然的"
"be in a position to do sth":"有能力做某事" "relate":"vt.讲述","relate A to B":"什么与什么相关"
第四段:进一步举例说明。
第五段:总结归纳。 第4题:逻辑结构框架题
(十三) (下) 2006– KY-- 13
I. Reading Comprehension: Text 2 正确答案:C. D. A. A. B 文 章 解 析
第一段:作者对缺点、错误的看法。 "curious":"渴望了解;奇怪的、不同寻常的" "be tolerant of":"容忍"
第二段:一贯说谎话和偶尔说谎话区别。 " I flatter myself":"我自认为" "not in the least":"丝毫不"
第三段: "endeavor":"努力"
第四段: "deliberately":"故意的" "in that":"因为" "in the letter":"在字面上"
第五段: "conforming":"符合什么" "aspire to":"渴望达到"
第1题:"usual":"=curious不同寻常的" 第4题:"true of":"真正符合" "represent A as B":"把A说成是B"
Text 3 正确答案:B. B. A. D. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:遗传工程的利弊。 "payoff":"得到补偿" "pose":"提出;造成"
第二段:举例。
第三段:进一步举例。
第四段: "die out":"死光了"
第五段:进一步分析。 "monitor":"监视"
第六段:造成的危害。 "render":"使得;提出"
第七段:后果。 第1题: [B]."make-up":"构成,组成"
(十三) (下) 2006– KY-- 13 I. Reading Text 4 (课外阅读) [2000年阅读Passage 1,试题重编]
正确答案:A. B. C. D. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:二战以后美国的经济优势。
第二段:80年代美国丧失了部分的经济优势。
第三段:美国从信心危机到竞争的激烈。
第四段:前五年美国经济的腾飞和盲目的骄傲代替了自我反省。
第1题:[A]."predominance":"主导地位" [B].缺少时间 [C].概念偷换 [D].片面性
第2题:[A].言过其实,绝对化 [B].缺少时间 [C].没有概括性 [D].概念偷换
第3题:[A].正反颠倒 [B].正反颠倒
(十四) (上) 2006– KY-- 14 I. Reading Comprehension: Text 1
正确答案:D. A. B. C. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:新旧面试的比较。
第二段:情景面试及其效率。 "scrutiny":"经查细算" "must":"n 必须做的事"
第三段:情景面试优越性的原因。 "know-how":"知识" "on paper":"以书面的形式"
第四段:情景面试进行的过程。 "process ":"v 加工、处理" "talk sb down":"说服某人" "glowing":"光彩夺目"
第五段:配合情景测试的现代化工具。
第六段: "drawbacks":"缺点" "run the risk of":"冒...的风险" "inherent":"固有的、天生的"
第1题:细节理解题 第2题: "brains":"人才"
(十四) (下) 2006– KY-- 14 I. Reading Comprehension:
Text 2 正确答案:A. C. C. D. B 文 章 解 析
第一段: "alleging":"声称、控告。" "charge":"控告、投诉、上诉"
第二段: "intricate":"错综复杂的"
第三段: "be subject to":"不得不" "duties":"关税"
第四段: "de-ice":"除冰" "bizarre":"荒诞的"
Text 3 正确答案:D. C. D. D. B 文 章 解 析
第一段:美国人对 E.T. 和 UFO 的认识。 "OF late":"最近以来"= "recently"
第二段:名义测验主要反映的变化。 "":""
第三段:相信论变化的原因。
第四段: 第2题: "something like":"大约" 第3题: "responsible for":"并不是...的原因"
Text 4 (课外阅读) 正确答案:C. C. D. A. B 文 章 解 析
第一段:许多解释来说明美国教育发展的原因。 "in some measure":"在某种程度上"
第二段: "minister":"牧师" "advancement":"竟升" "assume":"承担"
第三段:今天发生的变化。
第四段:举例说明。 第1题: "engage":"聘用、招聘"
(十五) (上) 2006– KY-- 15 I. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案: (1-5) B. A. C. D. A (6-10) C. B. D. A. B (11-15)A. C. D. B. D (16-20)C. A. D. B. D 文章解析
第一段:"weigh":"分量很重"
第1题: keep up 把...控制在...范围内 set up 成立... work out a solution to a problem
第2题:in so far as = now that 既然 just as + it is/there are as far as 就...人而言
第二段: 第6题:be engaged in 参与到...当中 participate in 参与 embark on sth. 开始从事... dedicate to 投身于
第10题:until = up to 到了
第11题:take out (专利)的获得 make out 理解
第12题:at large 逍遥法外; 详细地,详尽=at detail , in detail at stake ...处于危险中
第13题: conform to 遵从,遵守(大家做的事) apply to 适用
第三段: 第15题:
第16题:attain 达到 acquire 经过长时间努力得到、获得 obtain 获得 achieve 成就
第17题: 第18题:
第19题:for fear 担心 even if as though
第20题:undergo 经历、经受(痛苦) undertake 从事
III. Directions正确答案:C. A. F. B. G
(十五) (下) 2006– KY-- 15 IV. English-Chinese Translation
考试时做翻译题原则:“四边”。1.边读2.边分析(句子结构)3.边理解(词的活用)4.边翻译
参 考 译 文
1)正式为了找到这些问题的答案,这些问题不仅仅是学术性的而且还是实际的,人们对科学在社会中的位置进行了研究。
2)这些外部条件只是在社会和经济发展时期才能得到满足,在这个时期里,人们赋予了科学社会意义以及物质手段,这些来自经济和社会领域的问题不断推动科学产生新的活力。
3)正如我们所看到的,这些问题从根本上讲是触及到当时的统治阶级利益的问题,不管这些问题是现实的问题,如航海,还是虚幻的问题,如占星术。
4)任何时候给予这些科学家的机会或荣誉,说明了这些科学家满足统治阶级利益的程度。
5)但是为了科学稳固的发展,这些利益必须符合把科学家与有意义的实际活动联系在一起的要求,这一点是非常重要的。
II. 长难句翻译练习:Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. 注意点: order:顺序 combinations:不同化学物质的结合 availability:可以获得的程度
2. 注意点: gearing up for:为...做精心的准备 gear:齿轮
3. 注意点: while:表示让步连词
V. Writing 参 考 译 文
Dear John,
I read with great interest your proposal to expand our field operations. Thanks for taking time to present this idea. Although it sounds like an excellent plan ,I'm sorry we can't take advantage it now.
As you know, we are making preparations to introduce several new products, and recent figures indicate this operation is going to draw on all our available resources for the next eight months. We just what have the capital men power or training capability to broaden our territory. You may be certain I’ll remember your suggestion if the right time comes.
I wish I could receive more good ideas like yours; it would make my job a lot easier. Thanks, John.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
(十六) (上) 2006– KY-- 16
II. 长难句翻译练习:Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
重点词汇1."basking in the sun":"晒太阳"2. "heart":"信心"
4. "scientific establishment":"科研机构"5. "cybernetic future":"控制论的未来" "embed":"植入"
(十六) (上) 2006– KY-- 16 I. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案:(1-5)A. C. B. B. B. (6-10)A. B. D. A. B. (11-15)C. B. C. D. C. (16-20)A. D. B. A. A. 文 章 解 析
第一段:"reflect on":"对...进行反思" "meaningless""毫无意义的"
第1题:[A]."推理" [C]."认为...是怎么样的" [D]."思考...+on/upon"
第2题:[A]."一致的","+ly":"一致通过"
第3题:"when it comes to":"当谈到...时"
第5题:[D]."what=the same that"
第6题:[A]."客观的" [B]."主观的" [C]."理论上的" [D]."结论性的"
第8题:[A]."+about/over" [B]."对...感到焦虑 +about/at" [C]."对...感到迷茫" [D]."对...感到焦虑"
第10题:只有[B]后面能接形容词,其余三项后面只能接名词 [C]."维修;坚持一种观点"
第11题:[A]."对...的掌握" [B]."理解 +as/to be..."
第12题:[A]."对...采取预防措施" [B]."充足的" [C]."数量上的不足"
第16题:[C]."负责,处理什么事"
第17题:[D]."not quite so:不那么..."
第20题:"reference to"
III. 选择搭配题 正确答案:B. D. G. E. C
(十六) (下) 2006– KY-- 16 IV. English-Chinese Translation
参考译文
1. 这是因为从长远来看只有一大批见多识广的、精力充沛的公民的存在,才能制止政府权利的滥用。
2. 作为教育者,越来越多的科学家通过剪写读物和广播讲话使外行人能够了解科学,同时在许多国家中在努力改进和扩大在学校以及成人教育课程中科学以及科学方法的教学方面,科学家也是主要的力量。
3. 然而,对于未来一个有意义的标志,或许是 Pugwash 会议在不断扩大的范围和影响,这种是由来自各国的最重要的科学家一年召开一两次的非正式会议,在这种会议上人们讨论科学以及科学与世界事务的关系。
4. 还有一个具有重大意义的事实是建立相互关联的国家科学政策的必要性在很多国家已经建立起来了,这种必要性直接把一大批科学家带进政府管理之中,这种事实就带来了一种新型的科学家及管理型科学家。
5. 但是这些科技人员的努力,是否能比那些传统的政客们的努力更有效,与其说是取决于正在工作的科学家,还不如说取决于现在正在培养着的科学家,也就是你们。
V. Writing Practice 参 考 译 文
Dear Sir,
Your advertisement for a sales representative in the March 12 Journal interested me, because your requirements closely parallel my working experience.
As the enclosed resume indicates, I have more than three years' working experience with my present company and have given outstanding performance. For the past three years I have been dealing with the brand new products launched by our company and have made great achievements.
I’ll be happy to tell you more about my experience in an interview.
You can reach me by telephone during the day at 12345, and in the evening at 54321 .
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
2. Directions: 参 考 译 文
Dear Sirs,
The microwave oven No. AG/5436/32, which I ordered from you, arrived on August 15.
I very much regret to inform you that the machine has been badly damaged. When I opened the packing case, I found that the lid of the microwave oven had been cracked and the surface of the machine had been scratched.
Would you please let me know whether or not you would be willing to send me a new oven and whether I should arrange to return the damaged one to you?
In the meantime, I shall hold on to the machine you sent until I hear from you.
Many thanks.
Yours faithfully,
Li Ming
(十七) (上) 2006 – KY-- 17
考研英语议论文写作专题讲座
主题: 考什么类型作文? 怎么写? 用什么句型写? 如何才能写好?
(十七) (下)2006 – KY-- 17 考研英语议论文写作专题讲座 主题: 考什么类型作文? 怎么写? 用什么句型写? 如何才能写好?
4. According to the statistics given in the table, … 根据表中所给的统计数字,…
根据表中所给的统计数字,最近5年来旅游者的人数大大增加,2002年达到80,000,000人。
According to the statistics given in the table, the number of tourists has grown greatly, reaching/adding up to 80,000,000 people in 2002.
5. This chart shows that … 这张示意图表明,… 这张示意图表明,全世界吸烟者的人数不断上升,占总人口的20%。
This chart shows that the number of smokers is rising continuously, accounting for/making up20 % of the total population.
6. It is indicated by the graph that … 这张曲线图表示,…
这张曲线图表示,某些野生动物物种的灭绝(extinction)与世界人口的猛增密切相关。
It is indicated by the graph that the extinction of some species of wild animals has much to do with the sharp increase of the world’s population.
7. It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that … 从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到,…
从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到,随着城市中汽车数量的不断增加,空气污染和噪音已经成为威胁城市居民生存的主要公害(public hazards)。
It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that with the rapid increase in the number of cars, air pollution and noise have become the main public hazards threatening the survival of city residents.
8. It is generally believed (或accepted, thought, held) that … 人们普遍认为,…
人们普遍认为,各国政府应该采取有力措施来保护森林资源。
It is generally believed that the governments of all countries should take/adopt strong matures to protect forest resources.
9. The picture is thought-provoking, … 这幅画发人深省,…
译:这幅画是发人深省的,它所说明的是我们今天社会普遍存在的一种现象。
The picture is thought-provoking, and what it illustrates is a common phenomenon in our society today.
10. What the drawing describes implies that …… 这张图画所描述的内容暗示了,…
这张图画所描述的内容暗示了,我们应该经得住失败的考验。
What the drawing describes implies that we should stand up to/with stand the test of failure.
11. There is a译: 表中所给的数字表明,最近5年来人民的收入已 有显著增长。
The statistics given in the table indicate that there has been a remarkable increase in people’s incomes in the past 5 years.
---关于比较、利弊、优缺点的句型:
1. S + have (or has) a lot of advantages over... (与...相比有许多优点) 译:汽车与自行车相比有许多优点。
Cars have a lot of advantages over bikes.
2. Compared with …, sb./sth. has/have the advantage of … (有… 方面的长处)
译: 1)与中国相比,澳大利亚的优点是人口少。 Compared with China Australia has the advantage of a small population.
2) 与他们相比,他有利的是会操作电脑。 Compared with them he has the advantage of operating computers.
3. be of great benefit to sb./sth.(对... 有益) 译:你的计算机知识对你将来的工作十分有益。
The computer knowledge will be of great benefit to your future work.
4. benefit sb/sth. (对...有好处)
译:这家新医院对整个社区有利。 This new hospital benefits the whole community.
benefit from sth. (由于...而受益)
译:我们将从技术发明中受益。 We will benefit from technology invention.
5. do (a lot of) good to sb.(对... 有许多好处)
译:早晨锻练对你很有好处。 Morning exercise does a lot of good to you.
be good for sb./sth. (对... 有益)
译:蔬菜和水果有利人的健康。 Vegetables and fruits are good for oneself.
do damage to sth./damage sth.(对... 造成损坏)
译:这次地震对城市建筑损坏严重。 This earthquake did a lot of damage to the buildings in the city.
do harm to sth./harm sth./endanger sth. (对... 有害处)
译:吸烟危害人的健康。 Smoking does harm to oneself.
6. be as (not so) good/great as...
译:他做的没有说的好。 What he dose is not so good as what he say.
7. not so much ...as... (与其说...,不如说...)
译:人口的迅速增长与其说是由于出生率的上升不如说是由于死亡率的下降。
The reason for the rapid increase in population is not so much a rise in birth rate as a fall in death rate.
---说明原因的句型:
1. There are two/some good reasons for sth./to do sth. …
生活条件改变的原因有两条。首先,我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次,我们的经济在迅速发展并且出生率得到了控制。
There are two reasons for the changes in people's living conditions. First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy. Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been put under control.
2. We have two good reasons for/against ...
译:我们有两条充分理由反对工业不受控制的发展。
We have two good reasons against the uncontrolled development of industry.
3. The reason for...is that + 从句
译:我们支持“希望工程”的原因是, 许多贫困地区的儿童付不起继续学业的各种费用。
The reason for us to support the “Project Hope” is that many children in poor areas can not afford different kinds of expenses to continue with their schooling.
--- 关于因果关系的句型:
1. 物价上升的原因是需求的增加。The cause of (=reason for) higher prices was an increase in demand.
或: Because the demand has increased, the prices are higher. 或: An increase in demand results in higher prices.
或: The demand has increased. As a result, the prices are higher.或: If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise.
译:他们取得的成果是由于他们的刻苦努力。 What they have achieved results from their hard (=painstaking) work.
译:由于所有这因素,政府越来越多地依赖于科学家来安排适当的规划并付诸实践.
As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on scientists for planning appropriate programs and putting them into effect.
--表示不同看法的句型:
1. 人们对这个问题的看法各不相同。Different people have (= hold) different opinions (=views) on this question (=problem, matter).
有些人认为 … ;其他争辩说 … ;还有一些主张 …
Some believe that ... Others argue that .... Still others maintain that
译:人们对旅游业的看法各不相同。有些人认为,旅游业是浪费金钱和时间。另一些人则争辩说,中国是一个具有5000年历史的文明古国, 并且有自己的传统文化,它和西方文化截然不同。旅游业有助于文化交流并能促进各国人民之间的友谊和了解。我认为,第1种看法是片面的。发展旅游业是非常重要的。各国应该互相了解、互相学习以便促进我们和平和发展的共同事业。
People differ in their opinions on tourist industry. Some believe that tourism is a waste of money and time. Others argue that China is an ancient civilized nation with a history of 5000 years and has its own traditional culture, which is quite different from that in the western countries. Tourism contributes to the cultural exchanges between countries and to the friendship and understanding of the peoples all over the world. In my opinion, the first view is one-sided. Tourism is of great importance now. All nations should understand each other and learn from each other to promote our common cause of peace and development. (105 words)
2. 他们的观点各不相同。They are quite different from each other in their opinions.
3. 有些人持这样的观点:孩子少是好事。 Some people hold the opinion that it is good to have a small family.
4. 他们对这个问题的态度大相径庭。They think quite differently on this question.
5. 他们对噪音问题的态度截然不同。They differ greatly in their attitudes towards noise problem.
家长和孩子对这个问题的看法不同。家长认为,孩子应努力学习,得到好的学习成绩。而孩子们则认为,他们应该有更多的自由来支配他们的闲暇时间,来安排他们的未来。
Parents and children think differently on this question. Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school. Children, however, maintain that they should have more freedom to spend their leisure time and to plan for their own future.
---- 表示必须、紧急、有困难做某事的句型:
1. It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. to do sth.
请翻译下列4句:
1) It is inevitable that the natural resources throughout the world are diminishing as the demand for them is on the increase.
不可避免的是,
2) It is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy 直接相关the efficiency of its industry and agriculture.
显然,......is directly bound up with
3) It is urgent for the government to take measures to control the birth rate in our country/ to 把沙漠变为良田.
政府迫在眉睫的是 .................change deserts into farmland
4) It is necessary for us to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas, and other public facilities to 满足 the increasing needs of the people. 我们必须建立 .............meet
2. have trouble/ difficulty/ a hard time/ a difficult time (in) doing sth (有困难做某事)
他很难找到一份满意的工作。 He has trouble finding a satisfactory job.
have trouble with sth. (对...有困难,不好对付) I have some trouble with my English study.
--- 常用谚语 (在议论文中):
1. 常言道,“事物总是一分为二的。” As a popular saying goes, "Every coin has two sides".
2. As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides". On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you don't deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides.
3. As a proverb says, " Where there is a will there is a way." (有志者事竟成。)
4. As a popular saying goes, "A man is known by the company he keeps." (观其交友,知其为人。)
5. As is known to all, "No pains, no gains". (没有苦,就没有甜。)
6. It’s no use crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)
7. More haste, less speed. (欲速者不达。)
8. Look before you leap. (三思而后行。)
9. He who laughs last laughs best.(谁最后笑,谁笑得最好。)
--- 辩论中常用的句型:
1. There is no doubt that ...
译:毫无疑问, the rapid increase in population 促使 the sharp decrease in the species of wild animals. contribute to
2. It is obvious/clear that
爱心是一盏灯, 越黑暗的地方, 它越明亮。 It is obvious that love is a lamp it is brighter where it is darker.
3. 众所周知,中国一贯主张, 国家不管大小, 应该一律平等。As is known to all, China always maintains that all nations should be equal, be they large or small.
4. (It's) no wonder ... (难怪) 译:他不努力工作, 难怪他丢了工作。 He doesn't work hard ,no wonder he has lost his job.
5. It goes without saying that ... ( 不成问题, 很自然 )
译:很自然,健康的人比病人幸福。 It goes without saying that health people are much happier than sick ones.
6. What is more important, we should 保持(maintain) ecological balance.
7. I am convinced that if only our society充满着爱, 明天将会变得更美好、更光明。
... is full of love ,tomorrow will be much better and brighter.
--- 举例表示法:
1. For example, the people's economic status has been greatly improved.
2. For instance, the economic status of the people has been improved.
3. Let's have an example. TV sets, refrigerators and recorders have become household necessities.
---结尾句型: 请翻译下列5句:
1. In my opinion(依我看), I am in favor of (or opposed to) owning a private car.
2. Personally(就个人而言), I prefer to work in the country rather than in the city.
3. In short(总之), parents and children should learn to get through to each other. Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.
4. In conclusion(最后), we cannot achieve success without hard work.
5. As far as I am concerned(至于我), I agree with the opinion that " No pains no gains."
(十八) (上) 2006– KY-- 18 I. Reading Comprehension
阅读文章宏观上的着眼点:
1.每段的开头:主题句2.段落接尾:往往是结论句,是对主题的再现。3.信息信号次:特别是过渡词
(如:but ,however ,therefore ,in conclusion)
阅读文章微观上的着眼点:1.代词 人称代词、物主代词在上下文中指代的对象。2.同义词
Text 1 正确答案:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C文 章 解 析
第一段:主题信息词:settlement of the case 对这个案件的解决方案
do little: 几乎没起作用 giant:巨头 magnate:巨头 tycoon:巨头 does not come close to 与...相距甚远
convict sb. of sth. 控告某人犯...罪 inexplicably 令人不清楚地,令人费解地
第一段主要内容:微软的竞争对手对解决方案的反对态度。
第二段:Department 部(美)
第二段主要内容:司法部对settlement的态度。
第1题: 干扰性设置:片面性、绝对化、歪曲事实 正确项的特征:对中心思想不直接使用原文,而是换一种说法说。
第三段(论据[竞争对手]): walking away from 从...安然脱身
第四段(论据[司法部门]): compatible with ...与...是兼容的 at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
第3题: [B]正反颠倒 [C]没提
第4题: [A] indignation 愤怒 [B] indifference 冷漠,漠不关心 [C] repentance 后悔 [D] frustration 不满,沮丧
第五段 讲竞争对手的态度
第六段 讲竞争对手的态度
Text 2正确答案:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C
题纲:日本对美国的贸易壁垒
第一段:美国希望拆除贸易壁垒
第二段:贸易壁垒为什么难以拆除
第三段:贸易壁垒的种类
第四段:结论-贸易壁垒是非常难以拆除的。
(十八) (下) 2006– KY-- 18
Text 2
正确答案:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C 文 章 解 析
第一段: 第一句:全文主旨 evaporate 蒸发 vice versa 反过来也这样,反之亦然 retaliate 报复
第二段: surplus in trade 贸易盈余 deficit 逆差 underestimate 低估 主要内容:贸易壁垒难以打破的主要原因。
第一题:全文主旨题
第二题:词汇释义题
第三题:C、D都是现象
第四题:推理判断题
第五题:细节辨认题
Text 3 正确答案:1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A文 章 解 析
第一段:主要内容:行为控制与免疫力的关系
第二段:主要内容:无能为力对免疫力的关系
第三段:主要内容:心态对免疫力的影响 mind:心态 condition sb. to do sth.
Text 3正确答案:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
(十九) (上) 2006– KY-- 19 1. Reading Comprehension:
Text 1 正确答案:A. A. B. D. C 文 章 解 析
第一段:人们对劳动机械化的一般认识并提出了观测家的不同看法。 "frequent":"一个地方经常有什么人光顾"
第二段:历史学家对这种看法的质疑。
第三段:结论。 文章结构:归纳法的议论文 1.提出假设 2.举例说明这个假设 3.摆出事实 4.结论:假设值得怀疑。
第3题:细节理解题。
第5题:逻辑结构题。
Text 2 正确答案:C. C. D. B. A 文 章 解 析
第一段:人们对联邦制的一般看法。
第二段:实际情况。 "intermingling":"相互交错的" "read":"明白、理解"
第三段:实际情况。
第四段:历史原因。
(十九) (下) 2006– KY-- 19 1. Reading Comprehension: Text 3 [99年考研阅读理解材料,全部试题重编]
正确答案:A. B. D. C. C. 文 章 解 析
第一段:科学发展靠有准备的头脑。 "gravity":"地球引力"
第二段:科学研究的本质即:是不可预知性。
第三段:年轻科学家对科学研究本质的看法。
第四段:产生的后果。 第1题:逻辑结构题。 第4题:总结归纳题。 第5题:全文主旨题。
II. Use of English (Cloze)
正确答案:(1-5) A. C. B. D. B (6-10) A. C. D. A. B (11-15) C. D. B. A. C (16-20) D. A. B. C. D
文 章 解 析
1."manifest":"显现的" "plausible":"貌似真实的,似是而非的" "prevalent":"流行的" "inevitable":"不可避免的"
2."underestimated":"低估" "undertaken":"承担" "undergone":"经历" "underlined ":"是...下划线"
3."transition":"连接,过渡" "accumulation":"积累" "succession":"连续"
4."immediately":"既可以当adv又可以当连接词用,引导时间状语从句"
5."by virtue of":"凭借...(人的一种品德等)"
6."progress":"前不能加 a "
7."deposite":"一般指存钱、存行李" "store":"知识的储存"
8. "attribute sht(结果) to sth(原因)":"归因于"
9. "comply with":"遵守规章制度" "abide by" :"遵守规则" "conform to":"遵守习俗"
10."enhanced":"加强" "multiplied":"指数量上的增加" "perplexed":"使...感到困惑"
18."literally":"按照字面的,精确的" "primarily":"主要的" "unanimously":"全体一致通过的"
19."strictly":"严格的" "severely":"严厉的" "seriously":"严肃的" "sternly ":"坚定的" "happen"="become of ":"发生..."
例: I have no idea what is becoming of her.我不知道在她身上发生什么事情了。
III. Writing Directions:
Many people prefer to travel by air. This is because air travel has some advantages. In the first place, airplane, the miracle created by man, is the fastest means of transport. It takes the least time for one to travel by air from one place to another. Secondly, travelling by air is convenient and comfortable. Friendly air hostesses are affectionate and considerate. They look after passengers all the way to their destinations. Finally, on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain themselves.
As a popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides.” The same is true of air travel. It has some disadvantages, too. For one thing, air travel costs a great deal. The average Chinese are not rich enough to afford expensive air-fares. So they prefer to take trains, which save a lot of money. For another, although passengers are assured of their safety, they are still worried about it during the journey because flying always involves more or less risk.
As far as I am concerned, the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages. If I were given choice between travelling by air and travelling by train, I would certainly prefer the former. For me, time is money and it is the most important thing I have to take into consideration whatever I do. (216 words)
(二十) (上) 2006– KY-- 20 I. Reading comprehension
Text 1 正确答案:1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 文 章 分 析
文章主题:统计数据中存在的问题。
第一段:统计数字夸大其词 exaggerate:夸大 breadwinner:家里主要挣钱的人 margin:边缘,边际
subsistence:生存 overstate:夸大
第二段:统计数字低估 underestimate:低估
第三段:结论:统计数字不准确
[第1题]逻辑结构题 contrast:比较(不同点) compare:比较(相同点)
[第2题]逻辑结构题
[第5题]全文主旨题
Text 2 正确答案:1. C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
文 章 分 析
第一段:私有化的好处。 主题信息词:privatization 私有化
blueprint:蓝图 trans- 转化 transform 转型 work 途径 net 净 gross 毛
第二段:进一步说明私有化带来的好处:工作效率的提高, 生产力的提高。
第三段:进一步说明私有化带来的好处。 come about:提高,出现 share:股份 eligible:有资格的
stake:风险 care about: prosper:繁荣,发展
第四段: commit oneself to doing 承诺做...
[第1题]细节辨认题[第2题]推理判断题[第3题]细节理解题[第5题]逻辑结构题
(二十) (下) 2006– KY-- 20 Text 3 正确答案:1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 文 章 分 析
第一段:美国新闻界的新的任务。 confront:面临
第二段:反对给interpretation的人的看法,及作者的观点。
第三段:反对给interpretation的人的观点
[第1题]全文主旨题[第2题]隐含信息题[第3题]细节理解题[第4题] be justified in:有理由的
[第5题] perplex:令人费解的,复杂的 gloomy 昏暗的,模糊的 |
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