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发表于 2007-8-5 22:59:34
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21. Robert W. Tucker, “The Future of a Contradiction,” The National Interest, Spring 1996, 20. For an extension of Tucker’s analysis, see Michael Mastanduno, “Preserving the Unipolar Moment: Realist Theories and US Grand Strategy after the Cold War,” International Security, Spring, 1997, 87. 作者认为,美国公众日益不愿意“承担全球参与战略的成本,特别是那些美国需要承担责任并成为地区危机平衡者的情况(如波斯尼亚、伊拉克、希土冲突和台海危机)”。
22. On the stability of unipolarity, see William Wohlforth, “The Stability of a Unipolar World,” International Security, Summer 1999, 5-41; and Charles Kupchan, “After Pax Americana: Benign Power, Regional Integration, and the Sources of a Stable Multipolarity,” International Security, Fall 1998, 40-79.
23. Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth, “American Primacy in Perspective,” 2002.
24. 同上,第12页。
25. 小布什总统在国会联席会议上的讲话,2001年9月20日, http://www.whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html.
26. Kenneth Boulding, Stable Peace, 1979, Austin; see also: Emanuel Adler and Michael Barnett, eds., Security Communities, 1998, Cambridge.
27. 小布什总统在国防大学的讲话,2001年5月1日, http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/ 2001/05/20010501-10.html
28. 小布什总统在第二届总统就职演说上的讲话,2005年1月20日,http://www.whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2005/01/20050120-1.html
29. 小布什总统2005年国情咨文,http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/02/ 20050202-11.html
30. 参见: proceedings of the “National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States,” 以及《“9·11”事件调查委员会报告》, http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/index.htm; 上述引文是由“9·11”事件调查委员会的一位重量级顾问所提出。Stephen Flynn, in his, America the Vulnerable: How Our Government is Failing to Protect Us from Terrorism, 2004, Harper Collins;
31. White House, National Security Strategy of the United States of America, released September 17, 2002. http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss.html
32. Ikenberry, “America’s Imperial Ambition,” 2002, 3;目前美国五角大楼宣布实施一系列计划来通过半自动机器人来取代步兵战场作战。Tim Weiner, “A New Model Army Soldier Rolls Closer to the Battlefield.” New York Times, February 16, 2005.
33. “2nd Presidential Debate Between Gov. Bush and Vice President Gore,” New York Times, October 12, 2000, A20.
34. Pascal Bonafice, “The Specter of Unilateralism,” Washington Quarterly, Summer 2001, 155-162.
35. Steven Miller, “The End of Unilateralism Redux?” Washington Quarterly, Winter 2002, 15.
36. Wendt. “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of International Relations,” International Organization, 46:2, 1992, 394.
37. Robert Cox and Timothy Sinclair, Approaches to World Order, 1996, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 181-186.
38. Andrew Linklater, Transformation of Political Community, 1998.
39. Roger Spegele, “Emancipatory International Relations: Good News, Bad News or No News at All?” International Relations, 2002, 383.
40. 同上
41. 同上,第385页。
42. 由于设定了各种可能性目标,考克斯(Robert Cox)对问题解决理论和批判理论的区分对于国际关系理论的解放范式是一种挑战。作为早期国际关系理论,经典的现实主义国际的核心任务是:保持、夸大和显示权力。如果解放理论认为他们的理论是关于自由,那么就如同问题-解决范式和理性主义相关一样,解放理论也会被人理解。
43. Spegele, 395-96.
44. 同上。
45. 同上, 第389页。
46. 同上, 第395页。
47. Francis Fitzgerald, Way Out There in the Blue: Reagan and Star Wars and the End of the Cold War, 2000, New York: Simon & Schuster.
48. 对于反扩散和不扩散的讨论,参见 Roberts, Brad, “From Non-Proliferation to Anti-Proliferation,” International Security, 18:1, Summer 1993, 139-73.
49. William Walker, “Nuclear Order and Disorder,” International Affairs, 76:4, 2000, 716-717.
50. Arnold Wolfers, “‘National Security’ as an Ambiguous Symbol,” Political Science Quarterly, 67, 1952, 483.
51. Ken Booth, “Security and Emancipation,” Review of International Studies, 17, 1991, 313-326.
52. 同上, 第323页。
53. Barry Buzan, An Introduction to Strategic Studies: Military Technology and International Relations, 1987, London: Macmillan.
54. 需要指出的是,国际海洋法研究、关贸总协定研究、地区一体化研究以及经济协调研究等都是大量的相关多边主义文献的一部分。
55. James Caporaso, “International Relations Theory and Multilateralism: The Search for Foundations,” Multilateralism Matters: The Theory and Praxis of An Institutional Form, (ed.) John Gerard Ruggie, 1993, New York: Columbia University Press, 53.
56. Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War, 1982, Trans. Rex Warner, New York : Penguin Books, 49.
57. Joseph Nye Jr., Understanding International Conflicts: An Introduction to Theory and History, 2000, Cambridge: Harvard University, 180.
58. Hans Morgenthau, Scientific Man Versus Power Politics, 1946, Chicago: Chicago University Press; Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, ed., Michael Oakeshott, 1962, New York, Simon and Schuster Inc.
59. Hobbes, Ch. 13.
60. Edward Hallett Carr, International Relations between the Two World Wars 1947, London: MacMillan; Nationalism and After, 1945, London: MacMillan; The Twenty Years’ Crisis: An Introduction to the Study of International Relations, 1939, New York: Harper & Row; What is History? 1961, London: Macmillan and Penguin.
61. Carr, Twenty Years’ Crisis, 1939.
62. 同上
63. G. John Ikenberry, David Lake, and Michael Mastanduno, “Introduction: Approaches to Explaining Foreign Economic Policy,” International Organization, Winter 1998, 42:1, 1-14
64. Anthony, Giddens, , Central Problems in Social Theory, 1979, Berkley: University of California Press, 49-95.
65. Caporaso, 1993, 75.
66. Alexander Wendt and Raymond Duvall, “Institutions and International Order,” in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James N. Rosenau, eds., Global Change and Theoretical Challenges, Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath, 1989, 59.
67. Caporaso, 1993, 66. |
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