写作中常用到的中国独特概念词

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1中国意念词（Chinesenesses）
<br>八卦 trigram
<br>阴、阳 yin, yang
<br>道 Dao（cf. logo）\r<br>江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）\r<br>e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)
<br>道 Daoism（Taoism）\r<br>上火 excessive internal heat
<br>儒学 Confucianism
<br>红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology
<br>世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
<br>开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）\r<br>大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done
<br>伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
<br>不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …\r<br>合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
<br>乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
<br>铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post
<br>脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
<br>治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
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<br>2 中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festival）\r<br>国庆节 National Day
<br>中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival
<br>春节 Spring Festival
<br>元宵节 Lantern Festival
<br>儿童节 Children’s Day
<br>端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
<br>妇女节 Women’s Day
<br>泼水节 Water-Splashing Day
<br>教师节 Teachers’ Day
<br>五四青年节 Youth Day
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<br>3中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）\r<br>馄饨 wonton
<br>锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)
<br>花卷 steamed twisted rolls
<br>套餐 set meal
<br>盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away
<br>米豆腐 rice tofu
<br>魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
<br>米粉 rice noodles
<br>冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples, etc.)
<br>火锅 chafing dish
<br>八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
<br>粉丝 glass noodles
<br>豆腐脑 jellied bean curd
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<br>4 中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）\r<br>中国电信 China Telecom
<br>中国移动 China Mobile
<br>十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan
<br>中国电脑联网 Chinanet
<br>三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
<br>希望工程 Project Hope
<br>京九铁路 Beijing-Kowloon Railway
<br>扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project
<br>菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project
<br>温饱工程 Decent-Life Project
<br>安居工程 Economy Housing Project
<br>扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign
<br>西部大开发 Go-West Campaign
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<br>5 特有的一些汉语词汇\r<br>禅宗 Zen Buddhism
<br>禅 dhyana; dhgaya
<br>混沌 chaos
<br>道 Daosim, the way and its power
<br>四谛 Four Noble Truth
<br>八正道 Eightfold Path
<br>无常 anity
<br>五行说 Theory of Five Elements
<br>无我 anatman
<br>坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation
<br>空 sunyata
<br>虚无 nothingness
<br>双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)
<br>小品 witty skits
<br>相声 cross-talk
<br>噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt
<br>夜猫子 night people; night-owls
<br>本命年 this animal year of **.
<br>处世之道 philosophy of life
<br>姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）\r<br>还愿 redeem a wish (vows)
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<br>6 具有文化特色的现代表述\r<br>大陆中国 Mainland China
<br>红宝书 little red book
<br>红色中国 socialist China
<br>四化 Four Modernizations
<br>终生职业 job-for-life
<br>铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
<br>大锅饭 communal pot
<br>关系户 closely-related units
<br>外出打工人员 migrant workers
<br>关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild
<br>五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
<br>四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
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<br>7 中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）\r<br>宣纸 rice paper
<br>衙门 yamen
<br>叩头 kowtow
<br>孔子Confucius
<br>牌楼 pailou；pai-loo
<br>武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）\r<br>功夫 kungfu ；kung fu
<br>中庸 the way of medium（cf. Golden Means）\r<br>中和 harmony (zhonghe)
<br>孝顺 to show filial obedience
<br>孝子 dutiful son
<br>家长 family head
<br>三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son hu**and guides wife
<br>五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity
<br>八股文 eight-legged essays
<br>多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness
<br>养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age
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<br>8 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译\r<br>基层监督 grass-roots supervision
<br>基础税率 base tariff level
<br>婚介所 matrimonial agency
<br>婚外恋 extramarital love
<br>婚纱摄影 bride photo
<br>黑心棉 shoddy cotton
<br>机器阅卷 machine scoring
<br>即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
<br>集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
<br>价格听证会 public price hearings
<br>甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
<br>家政服务 household management service
<br>加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
<br>假帐 accounting fraud
<br>叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel
<br>矫情 use lame arguments
<br>渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence
<br>借调 temporarily transfer
<br>扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
<br>扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
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