北大考博英语基础词汇汇编（精华版）（4）

嘎嘣脆

hold She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news.
　　I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. Hide
　　She always holds to her convictions.
　　The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction.
　　Road works on the highway are holding up traffic.
　　There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for near
　　ly half an hour.
　　A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up

　　identical This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week. the
　　same as

　　If only I were rich！
　　Only if I am rich, I can do what I want.

　　Immoral vs amoral
　　He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors.（不道
德的）

　　It was he that initiated this project.
　　Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice

　　Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize.

　　(excitement initiative motive entertainment)

　　We are in for trouble.
　　He know the ins and outs of the problem.
　　Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition.

　　A good teacher should be impartial to his students.
　　Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched unconc
　　erned indifferent

　　This car is inferior to the one I bought last year.
　　inferior superior senior junior similar prior

　　The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature
.
　　intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuit
　　ion

　　No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets.
　　intangible invisible

　　interfere /intervene If you interfere in /with other people s affairs, you wi
　　ll regret it.

　　He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after
　　it had been robbed.
　　testified witnessed justified identified notify specify

　　keep I can t understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself.
　　Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time.
　　I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science.
　　If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it. (to / up o
　　n)
　　keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/upho
　　ld/bear/posess

　　They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage.
　　Want/be in need/ fall short

　　large The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

　　By and large, the company has been good to me.

　　This is law and you can’t change as you wish.
　　rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/re
solution/statute

　　She saw a notice “ apartment to let”.
　　Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement

　　She is the one that laid out the town.
　　He was laid off for his ill performance.

　　liable likely probable liable responsible accountable answerable
　　People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars.

　　She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive.
　　Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of

　　The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium.
　　alive live life lively living lovely

　　I am not sure of the exact location of the café.
　　Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot
　　/site/situation

　　Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease.


　　The mansion was splendid.
　　Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful
　　/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/mira
　　culous

　　I can’t make out what she wants.
　　The ship made for the open sea.
　　What are we to make of his behavior?
　　Nothing can make up for the loss of a life.
　　He has made it up with her.

　　A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.
　　Mentioned quoted referred to

　　mood I am not in the ______ for joking. sentiment emotion mood feeling s
　　entimentality sensation sense sensitivity

　　nerve My children are always getting on my nerves.

　　Can you really afford this amount?
　　Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion
　　A (large) number of problems have arisen.
　　The number of books stolen from the library is large.
　　The marks were below average.
　　Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual

　　The method is ok; the problem is the procedure.
　　method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/s
　　cheme/design/

　　The mutual benefit. Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint

　　observe You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.
　　Abide by/follow/obey/comply with

　　occur Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from e
　　ach other in many ways?

　　We can afford to overlook these minor offenses.
　　Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over

　　own Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own?
　　He’d like a car of his own.
　　Nobody owned up to the theft.

　　This is a painstaking effort. Careful

　　They walked the path every morning.
　　Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip

　　peculiar That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the
　　 country.
　　distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / u
　　nique / notable/ particular

　　The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes.
　　income revenue fund payment wages finance budget expenditure

　　persist It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he
　　will get angry with you.

　　I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor.
　　pleasing pleasant grateful thankful pleased gracious generous

　　point She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in.
　　As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once.
　　s no point in arguing further.
　　He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point.
　　It is very rude to point at people in the street.
　　If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles
　　?
　　popular populous populated
　　A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater
tricycle race.

　　The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby.
　　courage calmness presence bravery boldness will

　　preside The chairman presided at/over the meeting last Friday.

　　　Virtue will prevail over evil.
　　prevail triumph win

　　In private/ in secret / in person
　　Matters like this are best discussed in private.

　　They are privileged people in the society.
　　Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor

　　She gave him a prompt reply.
　　quick rapid fast prompt punctual instant immediate ready

　　The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation promises
　　future prospects)

　　provided on condition save unless given suppose say
　　I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid.

　　put She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement.
　　They decided to put aside their differences.
　　She help her put the toys away.
　　She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform.
　　We had to put off our wedding until September.
　　We can put you up for the night.
　　I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her.

　　Racial problems exist in everyday life.
　　Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture

　　range scope extent His speech ranged over a number of topics.
　　Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere
　　reach All these were within the reach of the ordinary men.
　　Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children.
　　He reached for his gun.

　　Her requirements are reasonable.
　　Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justi
　　fiable
　　My favorite recreation is chess.
　　Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/
　　fun

　　They had to seed refuge from the storm.
　　Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection

　　I have registered for the English course.
　　Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form

　　receive accept
　　I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency.

　　red black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red.

　　regard Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the pos
　　ition of some other object or objects.
　　I have little information as regards his past.
　　She said nothing regarding your request.
　　Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family.
　　Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards.
　　They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the
　　people.
　　(attention regard intention stress)

　　relevant His age isn t relevant to whether he is a good teacher.

　　Reluctant Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study s
　　ubjects from which they were effectively barred for so long. Unwilling

　　remedy The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy s illness.
　　Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct

　　respect With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist
　　you in this matter.
　　Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about

　　In this respect the film is a failure.
　　respectful respective respectable respected
　　Teams of rescue have been sent out to look for the missing members of the crew
.

　　His limp is the result of an accident.
　　Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion

　　risk He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.
　　He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy.
　　The future of the whole company is at risk.
　　Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose

　　They rose up against foreign invaders.
　　Rebel revolt riot
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted.
　　I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week.
　　We are running out of time.

　　He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years.
　　Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/orde
　　r/instruct
　　　Guide/influence/handle/regulate

　　scale Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale.
　　scratch He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again f
　　rom scratch.

　　I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended.
　　We all went to the airport to see her off.
　　Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister.
　　Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?

　　I must set about packing now.
　　Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists.
　　Let’s set aside my personal feelings.
　　She set out/forth at dawn.
　　He is set on going to university.

　　settle You should settle your affairs before you leave. Solve
　　When are you going to marry and settle down.
　　Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend

　　short All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents expect
　　ations.
　　Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt.
　　Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short c
　　uts.
　　He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their educ
　　ation.
　　His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short.
　　The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron.
　　The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence.

　　spirit The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.
　　I went back and found them in high/low spirits.

　　stock The sugar is out of stock. in stock

　　They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation.
　　We are subject to the law of the land.
　　Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme

　　sympathize We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent.
　　sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point.

　　attraction temptation
　　As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered.
　　Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce

　　thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you.
　　Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid.
　　trace Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident.
　　trade he traded in his car for a new model.

　　He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money.
　　trick deceive cheat betray fool

　　what he said is true.
　　True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate


　　turn We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out
　　by turns.
　　He picked up all the books in turn and examined them.
　　I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out.
　She turned a deaf ear to our warnings.
　He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times.
　　We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up.
　　He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health.
　　(turned in turned down turned out turned to)

　　I don’t think she is the artistic type.
　　Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character

　　Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion.
　　Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last

　　Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn.
　　Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit

　　This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine
　　what they joked about. ( virtually virtuously virtual actual)

　　By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia?
　　In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice.
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well.
　　We must not give way to their demands.
　　You can’t have everything your own way.
　　He has done nothing out the way yet.
　　The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river. ( gave way gave to ga
　　ve in gave up)

　　We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on thi
　　s project.