2012年中山大学博士入学考试考博英语阅读理解第三篇

嘎嘣脆

Massive changes in all of the world’s deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it’s one of London’s parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.
That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irishriders.
The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.
This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here,one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Cola or Budweiser as well The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $ 10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $ 100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.
So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of asport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.
Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a “World Tide” fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world!
1. Globalization of sporting culture means that ___.
A. more people are taking up sports.
B. traditional sports are getting popular.
C. many local sports are becoming international
D. foreigners are more interested in local sports
2. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?
A. Good economic returns.
B. Revival of sports.
C. Communications technology.
D. Marketing strategies.
3.What is the author’s attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?
A. Favourable. B. Unclear.
C. Reserved. D. Critical.
4. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because___.
A. they become more professional than ever.
B. they regard sports as consumer goods.
C. there exist few world-class championships
D. sports events are exciting and stimulating
本文答案：1. C 2. B 3. D 4.B
短文大意：这篇文章介绍体育文化的全球化及商业化运作现象，分析了其全球化、商业化的原因。
1. 答案：C
【参考译文】体育文化的全球化意味着什么？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第二段说“Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France…But in recent years it has been dominated by…”，由此可见体育文化的全球化使许多国内的体育运动项目将走向世界。故选项C为正确答案。
2. 答案：B
【参考译文】下列哪一项与大规模的变化无关？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第四段说“This is undoubtedly an economic based revolution… one made possible by communications technology，but made to happen because of marketing considerations．”这里提到了“好的经济收益”，“通讯技术”及“市场策略的支持”，没有提到“体育运动的复兴” 故选项B为正确答案。
3. 答案：D
【参考译文】作者对于把英式足球改变为4场25分钟的比赛的态度如何？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文倒数第二段最后一句说“The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue，without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action．”作者认为这做只是为了获得更多的广告收入，而破坏了足球运动的完整性及精彩性，这种做法是可耻的，由此可见作者是持批评的态度。
4. 答案：B
【参考译文】人们为何喜欢看高水平的体育比赛？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文最后一段第一句有“as sports expand into world markets，and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows，so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level．”据此知体育正扩展到全球市场，我们作为消费者对体育的选择也在增长，因此我们要求看到更高水平的比赛。故选项B为正确答案。