考博英语热门单词：“明胶”用英文怎么说？

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明胶 gelatin

Gelatin (or gelatine) is a translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), flavorless solid substance, derived from the collagen inside animals' skin and bones. It is commonly used as a gelling agent in food, pharmaceuticals, photography, and cosmetic manufacturing. Substances containing gelatin or functioning in a similar way are called gelatinous. Gelatin is an irreversibly hydrolysed form of collagen, and is classified as a foodstuff. Gelatine is now classed as a food in its own right and not now subject to the food additives legislation in Europe. Gelatin has its own E-number 441. It is found in some gummy candies as well as other products such as marshmallows, gelatin dessert, and some low-fat yogurt. Household gelatin comes in the form of sheets, granules, or powder. Instant types can be added to the food as they are; others need to be soaked in water beforehand.

明胶一般由动物物质精炼而成，因此明胶又称“动物胶”（Animal glue）。制造者会将牛和猪的骨头和皮肤放入约70英尺高的炉里煮滚提炼胶原，再浸湿隔渣。制作过程不使用动物的角和蹄。精练而成的物质干后会磨成粉末，再混入砂糖、己二酸、顺丁烯二酸、柠檬酸钠，以及人造调味剂和食物色素。明胶被广泛用于食品（尤其是甜品）及药物的制造，甚至其他工业用途。作为一种天然乳化剂，其用于食品添加剂的E编码是E441。食用的明胶一般为片状或粉状，即是明胶片或明胶粉，常用于制作果冻及布丁等甜品。