2012 年 川大 金榜 考博 英语 长难句 解析

嘎嘣脆

1.The American economic system is, organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largelydetermine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace forthose goods and services that they want most.
[ 参考译文 ] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来 决定 什么应该被制造出来。
2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers,coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire ofindividuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall beproduced and how resources are used to produce it.
[ 参考译文 ] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing itscost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, whichin turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
[ 参考译文 ] 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消 费者 购买 产品。
4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only theownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the rightto determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with anotherprivate individual.
[ 参考译文 ] 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体 ( 经济单位 ) 自由签定合同的权利。
5.At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and whichemployers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignmentsto be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers forpromotional campaigns.
[ 参考译文 ] 同时这些 计算机 记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们 ( 计算机 ) 也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。