中国暂停审批核电项目

飞雪寒冰

The revival of the global nuclear industry has suffered a major setback after China, the biggest builder of reactors around the world, suspended approval of new nuclear plants.
世界上核反应堆建设规模最大的中国暂停审批新的核电项目，此举使全球核电业的复兴遭受重大挫折。

The country accounts for nearly 40 per cent of the world’s planned reactors and its nuclear ambitions have been a major driver of the global uranium market and were seen as being a key source of future demand.
中国占世界拟建核反应堆的近40%，中国的核电发展雄心，迄今是全球铀市场的一大驱动因素，被视为关键的未来需求来源。

飞雪寒冰

Beijing’s move comes a day after Germany idled a third of the country’s nuclear capacity in response to the Japanese nuclear crisis and could reshape global energy policy.
中国作出上述决定之前一天，针对日本的核危机，德国宣布暂停延长核电站运营期限。这些举动可能重塑全球能源政策。

“Until the nuclear safety plan is approved, we will suspend approvals of new plants including those in the pre-development phase,” said the State Council, the Chinese cabinet, after a meeting on Japan's nuclear situation.
“核安全规划批准前，暂停审批核电项目，包括开展前期工作的项目，”中国国务院在召开有关日本核泄漏情况的会议后表示。

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The cost of electricity, natural gas, thermal coal and carbon emissions in Europe have jumped to levels not seen in two years as governments around the world rethink their nuclear policies.
随着世界各国政府反思自己的核电政策，欧洲的电力、天然气、电煤和碳排放的成本均飙升至两年来从未见过的水平。

One exception was France, which relies on nuclear power to generate three-quarters of its electricity, It said it would conduct a safety review of all its 58 plants but its energy minister maintained the French had been right to opt for atomic power, which secured energy independence and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Another was Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey’s prime minister, who said his quake-prone country would press ahead with plans to build its first nuclear power plant, with Russia;s help.
依靠核能解决四分之三电力需求的法国是一个例外。法国表示，将对国内所有58座核电站进行安全审查，但该国能源部长坚称，法国走核电发展道路是正确的，这既保障了法国的能源独立，还减少了温室气体排放。另一个为核电辩护的人是土耳其总理雷杰普•塔伊普•埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdogan)，他表示，土耳其将在俄罗斯的帮助下，推进建造该国首座核电站的计划。土耳其是一个地震高发国家。

飞雪寒冰

In the US, Steven Chu, energy secretary, told a congressional committee hearing that the Obama administration would press ahead with efforts to expand loan guarantees for new nuclear reactors while investigating the failure of Japan’s power plants after the earthquake.
在美国，能源部长朱棣文(Steven Chu)在国会听证会上表示，奥巴马政府将在调查日本核电站在地震后失灵的同时，推进为新的核反应堆扩大贷款担保的努力。

“We must fully understand the urgency and importance of nuclear safety,” China’s State Council said. A new nuclear safety plan will be drawn up urgently and rigorous inspections carried out on all reactors that are operating or under construction, according to the cabinet statement.
“要充分认识核安全的重要性和紧迫性，”中国国务院表示。根据国务院发表的声明，中国将抓紧编制核安全规划，并对正在运行或在建的所有核设施进行全面检查。

飞雪寒冰

In the US, Steven Chu, energy secretary, told a congressional committee hearing that the Obama administration would press ahead with efforts to expand loan guarantees for new nuclear reactors while investigating the failure of Japan’s power plants after the earthquake.
在美国，能源部长朱棣文(Steven Chu)在国会听证会上表示，奥巴马政府将在调查日本核电站在地震后失灵的同时，推进为新的核反应堆扩大贷款担保的努力。

“We must fully understand the urgency and importance of nuclear safety,” China’s State Council said. A new nuclear safety plan will be drawn up urgently and rigorous inspections carried out on all reactors that are operating or under construction, according to the cabinet statement.
“要充分认识核安全的重要性和紧迫性，”中国国务院表示。根据国务院发表的声明，中国将抓紧编制核安全规划，并对正在运行或在建的所有核设施进行全面检查。

飞雪寒冰

According to the World Nuclear Association, 160 nuclear projects have been proposed in China. It is still unclear how many of the reactors planned will be affected by the suspension of approvals.
据世界核协会(World Nuclear Association)介绍，中国共有160个核电项目得到提议。目前尚不清楚在计划建设的反应堆中，有多少将受到暂停审批决定的影响。

Any long-term change in China’s nuclear programme would have major ramifications for global uranium miners like Cameco, Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton.
中国核电计划的任何长期变动，都将给力拓(Rio Tinto)、必和必拓(BHP Billiton)以及加拿大的Cameco等全球铀矿开采企业带来重大影响。

飞雪寒冰

Industry specialists said the most likely reactors to be impacted by the changes were the second-generation CPR1000 models, which are about 40 per cent of the pipeline. Third-generation reactors, like the AP1000 built by Westinghouse and the EPR built by Areva, are seen as being safer and less likely to be affected. Currently about a third of the pipeline is based on AP1000 designs.
业内专家表示，最有可能受到政策变动影响的，是属于第二代的CPR1000反应堆，在待建项目中，这些反应堆占大约40%。第三代反应堆，如美国西屋(Westinghouse)建造的AP1000和法国阿海珐(Areva)建造的EPR，则被视为安全性较高，相对不太可能受到影响。目前有三分之一的待建项目采用AP1000设计。

The statement from the State Council sought to reassure the public about the safety of China’s nuclear programme and said no abnormal radiation had been detected in the country.
中国国务院的声明寻求让公众对中国核电计划的安全性感到放心，表示中国未发现异常辐射。

飞雪寒冰

Describing how Premier Wen Jiabao listened attentively to expert presentations on what was happening in Japan, it outlined steps that would be taken to guarantee the safety of China’s nuclear reactors, including immediately checking all operating reactors, strengthening oversight of reactors, and drawing up new safety rules.
声明称，中国总理温Jiabao听取了有关日本情况的汇报。声明还介绍了为保证中国核反应堆安全而将要采取的措施，包括立即检查所有正在运行的反应堆，加强对反应堆的监督检查，以及编制核安全规划。

The announcement comes amid mounting concern and panic in China, which is seeing – for the first time in recent memory – the possibility of a nuclear disaster close to home.
声明发表之际，中国各界的关切和恐慌不断加剧。目前中国正看到一场核灾难有可能在接近本土的地方发生，这是近年首次出现这种局面。

飞雪寒冰

On Wednesday, the top search terms on China’s most popular microblog were “nuclear power plant” and “nuclear radiation”, and the forum was filled with scepticism about the country’s nuclear safety.
周三，在中国人气最高的微博网站上，人们搜索最多的词条是“核电站”和“核辐射”，论坛上的评论充满了对中国核安全的怀疑。

Pharmacies in Beijing said they were receiving an unusual number of requests for iodine, which can be taken as a precaution against radiation exposure. In the locker rooms of one Beijing gym, housewives could be heard calling their maids to instruct them to run and buy seaweed before stores sold out.
北京药店表示，要买碘的人多得不寻常——其目的是预防核辐射损害。在北京一家健身房的更衣室，记者听到家庭主妇们打电话指示佣人赶去商店购买海带，以免买不到。

Some government officials have in the past criticised China’s nuclear build-up as being too rapid, citing strains on the supply chain.
过去，中国一些政府官员曾批评国内核电建设速度过快，称这给供应链带来了紧张。

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