西欧政治与经济讲义6（转载）纽约州立大学

文风007

ut well above any other large area of the world
<br>?        However, wealth is and has been unevenly distributed across the EU:
<br>–        Until recently a core/periphery was visible
<br>–        The core: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, and Northern Italy
<br>–        The periphery: Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, and Southern Italy
<br>National disparities in the EU (II)
<br>?        Recent changes have led to a blurring of the distinction between core and periphery:
<br>–        Poor economic performance of some of the countries of the core (Finland, Sweden and the UK)
<br>–        High growth in the periphery (Ireland)
<br>National disparities in GDP per capita and unemployment
<br>Regional disparities in the EU
<br>?        Strong national contrasts hide even greater regional contrasts:
<br>–        In 1998, the GDP per capita of  Luxembourg was 3.8 times greater than that of Portugal
<br>–        Hamburg’s GDP was 6.7 times higher than that of Ipeiros (Greece)
<br>–        Andalusia and Extremadura had unemployment rates of 32.4 and 30.2%, whereas Salzburg or Belluno had a mere 2.2 and 2.3% respectively.
<br>?        Internal economic disparities are evident in almost every single country in the EU
<br>–        Italy (GDP Lombardy 132.5 .... Calabria 59.2) (Unemployment Trentino 3.8% .... Campania 25%)
<br>Regional disparities in the EU (II)
<br>?        Strong regional contrasts also in:
<br>–        Portugal (LiS*on and the North vs. the South and Centre)
<br>–        France (Paris vs. the rest) --Spain (Northeast and Madrid vs. South and West)
<br>–        UK (South vs. North)--Germany (South vs. North)--Sweden (South vs. North)--Belgium (North vs. South)
<br>?        No regional contrasts in:
<br>–        The Netherlands
<br>
<br>Factors behind the existence of territorial disparities
<br>?        Factor endowment:
<br>–        Inherited economic situation: GDP per capita
<br>–        Quality and quantity of human capital: Skilled labour, matching skills with labour demands
<br>–        Accessibility: Infrastructure endowment
<br>–        Innovation: Generation and assimilation of innovation. Investment in R&D
<br>–        Sectoral structure
<br>The need for intervention
<br>?        Do territorial differences in factor endowment justify the implementation of European development policies?
<br>?        Is a development policy really necessary?
<br>The economic debate
<br>?        Endogenous growth theory and new economic geography:
<br>–        Greater accessibility, higher skills, and greater capacity to generate and assimilate innovation will lead to the concentration of economic activity
<br>–        A development policy is needed in order to counterbalance this tendency
<br>?        Classical Ricardian trade theory:
<br>–        Factor endowment is less important
<br>–        Integration leads to a rearrangement of ec
<br>

allbarcelona

牛，顶一下，希望以后多一些

wnhziee

强的说,汗

wnhziee

强的说,汗

lfj914

厉害啊.不错

allbarcelona

中国目前的国际关系领域的教育太过落后，需要我们积极吸收先进的国外理论与具体方法，需要有新鲜的空气

sgc970821

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