美敦促世贸组织仲裁两起针对中国的案件

飞雪寒冰

The US has stepped up its campaign against China’s trade policies, asking for two cases against Beijing to be referred for arbitration at the World Trade Organisation.
美国加大了针对中国贸易政策的行动，要求世贸组织(WTO)就两项针对中国的案件进行仲裁。

Washington alleges that China is breaking WTO rules in restricting foreign credit card companies’ access to its payments system and imposing illegal emergency import subsidies against US steel.
华盛顿方面指称，中国限制外国信用卡公司进入其支付系统、针对美国钢铁实施非法应急进口补贴的行为，违反了WTO规则。美国于去年9月将这两项案件提交WTO，并于上周五表示，其试图与中国磋商解决纠纷的尝试已经失败。下一步将是WTO召集一个专家小组进行裁决，可能需要一到两年时间。

飞雪寒冰

The US started the cases at the WTO last September, and on Friday said that attempts to resolve the dispute through negotiation with China had failed. The next stage of the process is for the WTO to convene a judicial panel, with a ruling likely to take in between one and two years.
近年来，华盛顿提交WTO的诉华案件越来越多，其中一些在进入专家小组裁决程序前，就已通过磋商解决。巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)政府已强调指出，要想签署新协议，必须首先执行好现有的贸易协定。

Washington has brought an increasing number of WTO cases against China in recent years, some of which were resolved by negotiation before a panel ruled on the issue. Barack Obama’s administration has emphasised the need to enforce current trade agreements as a precursor to signing new deals.
美国贸易代表罗恩•柯克(Ron Kirk)表示，中国继续允许支付结算机构中国银联(China UnionPay)垄断国内支付服务，并且，在外币交易业务方面，还出台了有利于中国银联的不公平监管规定。

飞雪寒冰

Ron Kirk, US trade representative, said that China continued to grant a monopoly to China UnionPay, a payment settlement service, for domestic payments in China and imposed regulations that unfairly benefited China UnionPay in transactions in foreign currency.
中国对美国钢铁进口征收反倾销税与反补贴税，也继续遭到了美国的质疑。中国认为，这些钢铁的定价有失公允，并获得了非法的政府补贴。因此，中国针对一种用于发电站的钢铁征收7.8%到64.8%不等的反倾销税，以及11.7%到44.6%不等的反补贴税。

The US also continued to dispute China’s use of anti-dumping and countervailing duties against imports of American steel deemed to be unfairly priced and illegally state-subsidised, respectively. China imposed antidumping duties ranging from 7.8 per cent to 64.8 per cent and countervailing duties of between 11.7 per cent and 44.6 per cent on a form of steel used in power stations.
但美国政府表示，中国征收这些关税，违反了WTO规定，因为中国没有提供相关的计算数据或充足的证据，证明这些举措的合理性。