政治学与国际关系论坛

 找回密码
 注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

扫一扫,访问微社区

查看: 217|回复: 0
打印 上一主题 下一主题

2014考研英语:常用的前缀和后缀

[复制链接]
跳转到指定楼层
1#
发表于 2013-3-30 13:29:45 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
 1.常用前缀

  aero:concerning the air or aircraft

  plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机)

  space(空间,间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙)

  anti: against;opposite of

  nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)

  matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质)

  war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的,反对战争的)

  auto: of or by oneself

  biography(传记)—autobiography(自传)

  criticism(批评,批判)—autocriticism(自我反省,自我检讨)

  be:to treat as the stated thing

  friend(朋友,助手)—befriend(待人如友,帮助)

  little(很少的,矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视,使渺小,使……显得渺小)

  bi: two;twice;double

  lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)

  cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车,自行车)

  bio:concerning living things

  chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)

  sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈)

  by—:less important

  product(产品,产物,)—by-product(副产品,附加产物)

  way(路,道路)—byway(小道)

  centi: hundredth part

  grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的,百分度的,摄氏温度的)

  meter(米)—centimeter(厘米)

  co: together, with

  author(作家,创造者)—coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)

  exist(存在,生存)—coexist(共存)

  col:(used before l) together, with

  location(位置,场所)—collocation(排列,配置)

  com:(used before b, m, p)together, with

  passion(激QING,热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)

  con:together, with

  centric(中心的,中央的)—concentric(同中心的)

  federation(同盟,联邦,联合,联盟)—confederation(联邦)

  contra:opposite

  diction(措辞,用语,言语)—contradiction(反驳,矛盾)

  natural(自然的,自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的)

  cor:(used before r) together, with

  relate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和……相关)

  respond(回答,响应,作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)

  counter:opposite

  act(担当,表现,见效)—counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)

  attack(攻击)—counterattck(反引力)
 cross:across;going between the stated things and joining them

  country(乡下的,乡村的,[方]祖国的,故乡的)—crosscountry(越野的,横过田野的)

  breed((使)繁殖,教养,抚养,品种,种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配,培育杂种, (使)杂交)

  de:showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce

  code(代码,密码)—decode(解码,译解)

  value(评价,重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值,贬值)

  dis:not; the opposite of

  advantage(优势,有利条件)—disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)

  agree(同意)—disagree(不一致,不适宜)

  honest(诚实的,正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的)

  em:(used before b,m, p) to cause to become

  body(赋以形体)—embody(具体表达,使具体化)

  power(权力,激励)—empower(授权与,使能够)

  en:to cause to become; to make

  danger(威胁)—endanger(危及)

  large(大的,巨大的)—enlarge(扩大,放大)

  ex:former(and still living)

  minister(部长,大臣)—exminister(前部长)

  wife(妻子)—exwife(前妻)

  extra:outside;beyond

  curricular(课程的)—extracurricular(课外的,业余的)

  ordinary(平常的,普通的,平凡的)—extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)

  fore:in advance, before; in or at the front

  arm(臂,武器,装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)

  warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告)

  il:(used before l) not

  legal(法律的,合法)—illegal(违法的,不合规定的)

  literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate(违法的,不合规定的)

  im:(used before b,m,p)not

  moral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)—immoral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)

  possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)

  in:not

  direct(径直的,直接的)—indirect(间接的,迂回的)

  sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)—insensitive(对……没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)

  infra:below in a range; beyond

  red(红(色)的)—infrared(红外线的,红外线)

  structure(结构,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)

  inter:between;among

  change(改变,变化)—interchange((指两人等)交换,相互交换)

  national(国家的,民族的)—international(国际的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)

  intra:inside, within;into

  city(城市,都市)—intracity(市内的)

  department(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)—intradepartment(内部)

  ir:(used before r)not

  regular(规则的,有秩序的)—irregular(不规则的,无规律的)

  responsible(有责任的,可靠的)—irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)

  kilo:thousand

  gram(克,)—kilogram([物]千克,公斤)

  meter(米)—kilometer(公里)

  macro:large, esp.concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of

  particular parts of

  economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学)

  structure(宏观结构)—macrostructure(宏观结构)

  mal:bad or badly

  function(官能,功能,作用)—malfunction(故障)

  treat(宴请,款待)—maltreat(虐待,滥用)

  micro:extremely small

  computer(计算机,电脑)—microcomputer(微进化)

  electronics(电子学)—microelectronics([电子]微电子学)

  mid:middle

  day(天,白天)—midday(正午)

  night(夜,夜晚)—midnight(午夜)

  mini:small;short

  bus(公共汽车)—minibus(小型公共汽车)

  skirt(裙子)—miniskirt

  (迷你短裙,超短裙)

  mis:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly

  fortune(运气,好运)—misfortune(不幸,灾祸)

  understand(懂,了解)—misunderstand(误解,误会)

  mono:one;single

  plane(飞机)—monoplane(单翼机)

  tone(音调,语调)—monotone(单调的,单调)

  multi:more than one;many

  purpose(目的,意图)—multipurpose(多种用途的,多目标的)

  national(国家的,国立[有]的,民族的)—multinational(多民族的,)

  non:not

  resident—non()resident

  sense理性,认识—nonsense(胡说,废话)

  out:outside;eyond

  live(活的,生动的)—outlive(比……长命,比……耐久)

  door(门,通道,家,户)—outdoor(室外的,户外的,野外的)

  over:too much;above; additional

  head(头,头的,主要的)—overhead(在头上的,在头顶上,在空中,在高处)

  time(时间,时侯,时机,)—overtime(超时,加班,延长时间,超时的,加班的,加班地,使超时)

  poly:many

  centric(中心的,中央的)—polycentric(多中心的) syllabic([语]音节主音,音节的)—polysyllabic(多音节的)

  post:later than;after

  graduate((大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate(研究所学生,研究生,毕业后的)

  war(战争,作战,打仗)—postwar(战后的)

  pre:before;in advance

  pay(薪水,工资,支付)—prepay(预付)

  war(战争,作战,打仗)—prewar(战前的,在战前)

  pro:in favor of, supporting

  America(<美>美国,美洲(包括北美和南美洲))—proAmerica

  abortion—proabortion(流产,堕胎,失败,夭折,中止,早产)

  pseudo:not real;false

  name(姓名)—pseudonym(假名,笔名)

  science(科学,自然科学)—pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)

  re:again;back to the former state

  unite(联合,团结)—reunite((使)再结合)

  use(使用)—reuse(再使用,重新使用)

  self:by means of oneself or itself;of, to, with, for, or in oneself or itself

  employed(雇用,用,使用)—self employed

  taught(teach的过去式和过去分词)—selftaught

  semi:half;partly

  circle(圆周,圆形物)—semicircle(半圆形)

  final(决赛)—semifinal(半决赛)

  step:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried

  mother(母亲,妈妈)—stepmother(继母)

  children(孩子,孩子们)—stepchildren(继子,继女)

  sub:under,below;less imortant;part of the stated bigger whole

  divide(分,划分,分开,隔开)—subdivide(再分,细分)

  section(部分)—subsection(分部,分段)

  super:more, larger, greater than usual

  market(市场)—supermarket(超级市场)

  natural(自然的,自然界的,普通的,正常的)—supernatural(超自然的,神奇的,超自然物,不可思议的事)

  tele:at or over a long distance;by or for television communication—telecommunication

  screen(屏,银幕)—telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)

  therm(o):concerning heat

  chemistry(化学)—thermochemistry(热化学)

  meter(计,表)—thermometer(温度计,体温计)

  trans:across, on or to the other side of; between

  Atlantic(大西洋)—transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)

  plant(种植,栽培,培养)—transplant(移植,移种)

  tri:three;three times

  angular(有角的)—triangular(三角形的)

  cycle(自行车)—tricycle(三轮车,机器三轮车)

  ultra:beyond;very, extremely

  modern(近代的,现代的)—ultramodern(超现代化的)

  sound(声音,语音)—ultrasound(超频率音响)

  un:not

  certain(确定的,必然的,可靠的)—uncertain(无常的,不确定的,不可预测的,靠不住的)

  fortunate(幸运的,幸福的)—unfortunate(不幸的,使人遗憾的)

  under:too little;below

  develop(发展,显影)—underdevelop((使)发展不完全, (使)显影不足)

  sea(海洋,大浪)—undersea(海面下的)

  uni:one;single

  form(形态,构成)—uniform(统一的,相同的)

  directional(方向的)—unidirectional(单向的,单向性的)

  vice:nextin the rank;below

  chairman(主席,会长)—vicechairman(副主席,副议长)

  president(总统,会长,行长)—vicepresident(副总督,副省长)

来源;跨考教育
分享到:  QQ好友和群QQ好友和群 QQ空间QQ空间 腾讯微博腾讯微博 腾讯朋友腾讯朋友 微信微信
收藏收藏 转播转播 分享分享 分享淘帖
您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 注册

本版积分规则

Archiver|小黑屋|中国海外利益研究网|政治学与国际关系论坛 ( 京ICP备12023743号  

GMT+8, 2025-5-19 21:56 , Processed in 0.080078 second(s), 25 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.2

© 2001-2013 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表