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考生须知：
一、本次考试题卷由试卷一(PAPER ONE)和试卷二(PAPER TWO)两部分组成。 试卷一为90道
客观题，答卷使用标准化机读答题纸；试卷二为主观题，答卷使用另一答题纸。
二、请一律用HB或2B铅笔涂写标准化机读答题纸，修改时请用橡皮擦干净。若误用其它笔
种而导致计算机无法识别，责任由考生自负。
三、请按答题注意事项要求逐项填涂标准化机读答题纸。涂写不得过细或过短。
四、请保持标准化机读答题纸清洁、无折皱。切忌折叠。
五、本考卷满分为100分，全部考试时间总计180分钟。分值及时间分布如下：
试卷一： 听力 15 分 20分钟
结构词汇 15 分 25分钟
综合填空 15 分 15分钟
阅读 30 分 60分钟 小计75分 120分钟
试卷二： 汉译英 10 分 25分钟
写作 15 分 35分钟 小计25分 60分钟
The Chinese Academy of Sciences
English Entrance Examination-For Doctoral Candidates
March 2001
PAPER ONE
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 minutes, 15 points)
（略）
PART II STRUCTURE & VOCABULARY (25 minutes, 15 points)
Section A (0.5 point each)
Directions: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best
completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice
with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring
Answer Sheet.
16. He gave me a lot of help in my work, so I have to my success to him.
A. grant B. ascribe C. commit D. submit
17.It is well known that the first can only work hard planting young trees
for a new business, while the following people may obtain the successful
fruits.
A. practitioners B. amateurs C. forerunners D. managers
18. The honest journalist has kept investigating that high rank official
for a long time, and he felt very happy when that fellow’s corrupt scandal
at last.
A. got to light B. stood in light C. came to light D. looked in light
19. The Minister’s answer let to an outcry from the Opposition.
A. impressive B. evasive C. intensive D. amusive
20. The old gentleman to be an old friend of his grandfather’s.
A. turned in B. turned over C. turned up D. turned out
21. The rules stated that anyone who had held office for three years was
not for re-election.
A. admirable B. eligible C. reliable D. capable
22. I feel very sad that the young man’s energetic initiative with nothing
in the experiment, for he met a lot of interference from the powerful
authority.
A. burned up B. tuned up C. pushed up D. ended up
23. We were politely an armed guard and warned not to take pictures.
A. assigned B. allowed C. accepted D. assisted
24.The recovery and of the country’s economy has also been accompanied by
increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in attractive
locations.
A. renewal B. revival C. recession D. relief
25. In fact the purchasing power of a single person’s pension in Hong Kong
was only 70 per cent of the value of the Singapore pension.
A. equivalent B. similar C. consistent D. identical
26. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and
support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and
address, and a willingness to be as to their motive in making contact.
A. seen through B. checked out C. touched on D. accounted to
27. According to *** boxing reporter Mike Costello, just as there is
worldwide with boxing, so there is worldwide opposition.
A. passion B. attraction C. emotion D. fascination
28. Although there are several variations on the exact format that
worksheets can take, they are all similar in their aspects.
A. potential B. social C. essential D. partial
29. any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up
suggestions for improving your presentation and qualifications.
A. Take the most of B. Keep the most of C.Have the most of D.Make the most
of ’
30. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great
anger and a feeling of being utterly .
A. let alone B. let out C. let down D. let on
31. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship
has become to her economy and politics over forty years’ association.
A. integral B. unilateral C. rational D. hierarchical
32. With most online recruitment services, jobseekers must choose their
words carefully the search engine will never make the correct match.
A. because B. whereas C. provided D. otherwise
33. The child should always the same basic procedure: seeing the whole
word--hearing and pronouncing--writing from memory.
A. go through B. take over C. respond to D. carry off’
34. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3-12 years old what
hotel they are staying in.
A. regardless in B. regardless of C. regardless on D. regardless from
35. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity
he’s been with requests for money from all sides.
A. devastated B. smashed C. bombarded D. cracked
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: In each of the following sentences there are four parts
underlined and marked A, B, C, and D. Indicate which Of the four parts is
incorrectly used. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice by drawing
a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer
Sheet.
36. The opinion polls were showing(A) 76 percent of the responders( more
concerned about the shambles of American education(C) than about any other
problem on(D) the political agenda.
37. Kenny G is not a musician(A) I really had much of ( an opinion about
him(C) until recently(D).
38. I was twenty-five years old, and I’d just been laid down(A) from my
job as division( manager at(C) a mortgage banking(D) firm.
39. We knew so little(A) about equipments( , disposal(C) techniques, the
whole thing(D).
40. It was so disgusted(A), and somewhat hazardous( , not to mention(C) a
huge hassle and monetary expense(D).
41. Of course, I am aware of(A) what he has played since( , the success he
has had(C), and the controversy(D) has surrounded him among musicians and
serious listeners.
42. That抯 not saying(A) it’s easy, though( . There are definitely(C) jobs
that wore on(D) you.
43. Perhaps not surprisingly(A), the colleagues whom I thought less high(
, and whom I portrayed less admiringly(C), did not share my view(D).
44. The Times, financially(A) successful it may be( , is a powerful
but(C), at this moment, not very healthy institution(D).
45. Having imposed temporary sentences(A) of unprecedented( severity on
the five defendants who pleaded guilt(C), the judge told them that their
actual sentences might depend on their cooperation with(D) subsequent
investigations.
PART III CLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best
answer from the four choices given in the opposite column. Mark the
corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square
brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
When we think about addiction to drags or alcohol, we frequently focus on
negative aspects, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or
drug-taking. 46 the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of
pleasure, a search for a "high" that normal life does not 47 . It is only
the inability to function 48 the addictive substance that is dismaying,
the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and a .49
inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or
three 50 at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking
provides, but also because he "doesn’t feel 51 without them..
52 does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to 53 it in
order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again.
Something about that particular experience makes life without it 54
complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences are no longer
possible, 55 under the spell of the addictive experience, his life is
peculiarly 56. The addict craves an experience and yet he is never really
satisfied. The organism may be 57 _sated, but soon it begins to crave
again.
Finally a serious addiction is58 a harmless pursuit of pleasure by Its
distinctly destructive elements. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59
life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from
working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 60
an alcoholic’s life is narrowed and dehumanized by his dependence on
alcohol.
46. A. Hence B. Because C. And yet D. Moreover
47. A. supply B. resume C. accept D. prevent
48. A. except B. without C. with D. besides
49. A. frustrating B. surprising C. unchanging D. increasing
50. A. drags B. drinks C. doses D. draughts
51. A. normal B. content C. delighted D. spirited
52. A. A drugtaker B. The addicted C. An addict D. The drugger
53. A. perform B. make C. experience D. initiate
54. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
55. A. while B. thus C. even if D. for
56. A. distorted B. rectified C. exaggerated D. improved
57. A. eventually B. temporarily C. accordingly D. subsequently
58. A. identical with B. consistent with C.separated from D.distinguished
from
59. A. destructive B. Dissatisfied C. damaged D. derivative
60. A. Similarly B. Conversely C. Naturally D. Generally
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (60 minutes, 30 points)
Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some
questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed
by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and
then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the
statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the
square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
It took no time at all for the native Americans who first greeted
Christopher Columbus to be all but erased from the face of the earth. For
about a thousand years the peaceful people known as the Taino had thrived
in modem-day Cuba and many other islands. But less than 30 years after
Columbus’ arrival, the Taino would be destroyed by Spanish weaponry,
forced labor and European diseases. Unlike their distant cousins, the
Inca, Aztecs and Maya, the Taino left no pyramids or temples-no obvious
signs that they had ever existed.
But it is a mistake to assume-as many scholars have until quite recently
that the absence of abundant artifacts meant the Taino were necessarily
more primitive than the grander civilizations of Central and South
America. They simply used less durable materials: the Taino relied on wood
for building and most craftwork, and much of what they made has
disintegrated over the centuries. However, thanks largely to two
remarkable digs undertaken recently, archaeologists will be able to enrich
their knowledge of the Taino.
In a village on the northern coast of Cuba, a Canadian-Cuban team
discovered the nearly intact remains of a Taino dwelling buried in the
dirt. This site may have been one of the Taino’s major centers. Meanwhile,
deep in the forests of the Dominican Republic, a U.S.-Dominican team has
also made an important discovery: a 240-ft.-deep Taino cenote, or
ceremonial well, where hundreds of objects .thrown in as offerings have
been preserved in the oxygen-poor Water.
It will take a much longer time to understand the Taino fully, but they
have been rescued from the ignoble status of footnotes in the chapter of
history that began with the arrival of Columbus.
61. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is
A. Christopher Columbus returned the Taino’s greeting with cruelty.
B. The Europeans’ coming brought an end to the existence of the Taino.
C. The Taino once prosperous in modem-day Cuba now has no trace on earth.
D. Spanish weaponry would have crashed the Taino but for Columbus’
arrival.
62. It is assumed the Taino had a comparatively low civilization mostly
because
A. the Taino had produced no written records.
B. the Taino had built no pyramids mid temples.
C. there has been little wooden structure the Taino relied on.
D. there has been few remains showing the life of the Taino’s.
63. Which statement is true concerning the Taino?
A. They were enslaved by foreign invaders.
B. They were more warlike than other Indians.
C. They were the most short-lived of all the civilizations.
D. They were buried deep in the dirt or oxygen-poor water.
64. What does the italicized word "ignoble" (in the last sentence)
probably mean?
A. unfortunate B. unsuccessful C. unpromising D. unworthy
Passage 2
Already lasers can obliterate skin blemishes, topically applied drugs can
smooth facial lines and injected agents can remove deep wrinkles. Future
products will be faster, borer and longer lasting. "New substances will be
developed by entrepreneurs," says Brian Mayou, an aesthetic plastic
surgeon, "that will be more successful than liquid silicone that we use
today to eradicate wrinkles." The next major breakthrough, says Mel
Brahmn, plastic surgeon and chief executive of the Harley Medical Group,
will be laser treatment that needs no recovery period.
Nicholas Lowe, clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Los
Angeles, adds: "There will be more efficient anti-oxidants to help reduce
sun damage and aging. There will also be substances that increase the
production of new collagen and elastic tissue to maintain the elasticity
of youthful skin."
Lee Shreider, a research cosmetic chemist, says that we may be able to
look better without any kind of operation as semi-permanent make-up gets
better.
"Crooked noses will be improved by effectively sealing on shaded colors
that either enhance or subdue areas of the face. We will be able to
straighten eyebrows and lips making the face more symmetrical-which
remains one of the keys to beauty~and even close blocked pores with
permanent, custom-designed foundation."
The development of the safe sun tan is a potential gold mine. Being
researched at the University of Arizona, but a long way from reality, is
the injectable tan. Professor Lowe is optimistic: "There will almost
certainly be a safe way of developing a sunless tan that protects against
sun damage. In animal research, we’ve applied creams to guinea pigs that
can actually ’turn on’ some of the genes that produce pigmentation without
any sunlight exposure."
65. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Inventions in cosmetology.
B. New discovery in face-filling.
C. A bright future for facial make-up.
D. The development of beauty culture.
66. According to the passage, what has been used to remove deep wrinkles?
A. Applied drugs.
B. Liquid silicone.
C. Laser treatment.
D. Anti-oxidant.
67. Paragraph 4 suggests that one could improve effectively one’s
appearance concerning the nose, eyebrows, lips, etc.
A. by applying certain lotions.
B. by having a beauty operation.
C. by changing the face shape.
D. by blocking several pores.
68. As implied in the last paragraph, the injectable tan is being
researched to meet the demand of the people who
A. refuse to be exposed to the sun.
B. refuse to apply suntan creams.
C. want to get a tan for beauty.
D. want to try gene pigmentation.
Passage 3
There are faults which age releases us from, and there are virtues, which
turn to vices with the lapse of years. The worst of these is thrift, which
m early and middle life is wisdom and duty to practice for a provision
against destitution. As time goes on this virtue is apt to turn into the
ugliest, cruelest, shabbiest of the vices. Then the victim of it finds
himself storing past all probable need of saving for himself or those next
him, to the deprivation of the remoter kin of the race. In the earlier
time when gain was symbolized by gold or silver, the miser had a sensual
joy in the touch, of his riches, m hearing the coins clink In their fall
through his fingers, and m gloating upon their increase sensible to the
hand and eye. Then the miser had his place among the great figures of
misdoing; he was of a dramatic effect, like a murderer or a robber; and
something of this bad distinction clung to him even when his coins had
changed to paper currency, the clean, white notes of the only English
bank, or the greenbacks of our innumerable banks of issue; but when the
sense of fiches had been transmuted to the balance in his favor at his
banker’s, or the bonds in his drawer at the safety-deposit vault, all
splendor had gone out of his ~ice. His bad eminence was gone, but he clung
to the lust of gain which had ranked trim with the picturesque
wrong-doers, and which only ruin from without could save him from, unless
he gave his remnant of strength to saving himself from it. Most aging men
are sensible of all this, but few have the frankness of that aging man who
once said that he who died rich died disgraced, and died the other day in
the comparative poverty of fifty millions.
69. This short passage is mainly to tell that
A. man becomes increasingly greedy when getting old.
B. a miser can be honest if he does no wrong act.
C. age can help convert some virtue into a vice.
D. misers all started from trying to be thrifty.
70. According to the passage, one is thought vicious when he
A. gathers up money at the sacrifice of all his family members.
B. practices endless thrifty to guard his people from poverty.
C. stores continuously for his own and his relatives’ needs.
D. saves too much but wouldn’t spend it for the necessary.
71. The italicized expression "gloating upon" probably means
A. thinking with slight guilt.
B. seeing with much satisfaction.
C. touching with great awe.
D. hearing with little delight.
72. The passage implies that what could stop a miser from lusting for
money might be
A. his frankness.
B. his eminence.
C. his death.
D. his glory.
73. The words "in the comparative poverty of fifty millions" at the end of
the passage suggests a notion that
A. stinginess may cause a very rich man to die very pitiful.
B. rich people may still take 50 million as comparatively little.
C. one remains discontent with all he’s gained until his death.
D. the rich are inconsiderate of the majority that live in poverty.
Passage 4
If a mother pushes her small son in a swing, giving only a light force
each time he returns, eventually he will be swinging quite high. The child
can do this for himself by using his legs to increase the motion, but both
the mother’s push and the child’s leg movements must occur at the proper
moment, or the extent of the swing will not increase. In physics,
increasing the swing is increasing the amplitude; the length of the rope
on the swing determines its natural oscillation period. This ability of an
object to move periodically or to vibrate when stimulated by a force
operating in its natural period is called resonance.
Resonance is observed many times without consciously thinking about it;
for example, one may find an annoying vibration or shimmy in an
automobile, caused by a loose engine mount vibrating with increasing
amplitude because of an out-of-round tire. The bulge on the tire slaps the
pavement with each revolution; at the natural resonance point~ of the
engine mount, it will begin to vibrate. Such vibrations can result in
considerable damage if allowed to persist. Anther destructive example of
resonance is the shattering of a crystal goblet by the production of a
musical tone at the natural resonant point of the goblet. The energy of
the sound waves causes vibration in the glass; as its amplitude increases,
the motion in the glass exceeds the elasticity of the goblet, and it
shatters.
An instrument called a tachometer makes use of the principle of resonance.
It consists of many tiny bars, loosely fastened together and arranged so
that each bar can slide independently of the others. Movement of the bars
causes changes in a dial. When placed next to a rotating motor or engine,
the tachometer picks up slight vibrations which are transferred to the
resonant bars. These bars begin to move, and the resulting dial may be
read to find the revolutions per minute of the motor very quickly.
74. An object, if moving rhythmically when stimulated in a natural period,
is said to
A. vibrate. B. resonate.C. swing.D. oscillate.
75. The distance a swing moves from its resting position is called its
A. revolution.B. movement.C. frequency.D. amplitude.
76. A tachometer is an instrument that uses resonance to determine
A. the speed of a motor in revolutions.
B. the frequency at which a motor vibrates.
C. the amplitude of an engine that oscillates.
D. the changes in a dial within a car engine.
77. An annoying vibration can be caused at the natural resonance of the
car’s engine mount
A. if the engine moves too fast. B. if the engine’s amplitude increases.
C. if a tire gets out of balance. D. if a damage occurs in the engine.
78. In which of the following cases is it useful to consider the
relationship between the length of an oscillating object and its natural
period?
A. Adjusting the speed of a car. B. Adjusting a clock pendulum.
C. Adjusting tire balance. D. Adjusting engine mounts.
Passage 5
I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator in Oladumi Arigbede’s
(1994) article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout
rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their
role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the
world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a
family of deeply concerned and committed people whose gut-level rejection
of mass human pauperization compels them to intervene on the side of the
marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as
merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is
never culturally or ideologically neutral.
Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and
men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear
choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those
with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider
whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students’
traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners’
first or home languages or dialects and in their orality?
Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of
individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the
difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in
choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to
the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of
"sharing, solidarity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both
nature and other human beings". Literacy pedagogy that matches the
animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of
millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept
the language and culture of the dominant group. It might lead to
assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of
literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy,
as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer
on a standardized test. Shor (1993) describes literacy animators as
problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our
teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea
that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic
perspective?
79. A literacy animator is one who
A. struggles for a more meaningful life.
B. frees people from poverty and illiteracy.
C. is committed to marginalize the illiterate.
D. is concerned with what is behind illiteracy.
80. The author suggests that literacy educators in the US in a way
A. promote students’ home languages.
B. force students to accept their culture.
C. teach nothing but reading and writing.
D. consider literacy as of non-neutral nature.
81. Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to
A. teach American customs and ideology.
B. make a choice of culture to be fostered.
C. reject the values of the dominant class.
D. help maintain Nigerian language and culture.
82. According to the author, "choral reading" may represent
A. individualism.B. collectivism.C. competition.D. immersion.
83. Animator ideology emphasizes more
A. the social function of literacy.
B. students?performance in tests.
C. the dominant group’s language.
D. the attainment of life skills.
84. It is implied by the author that, because of the kind of teacher
education in the US, teachers there tend to ignore
A. constant development of new teaching approaches.
B. using their own wisdom in problem-solving.
C. talented performances of minority students.
D. community-based literacy enhancement.
Passage 6
Scientists have known for more than two, decades that cancer is a disease
of the genes. Something scrambles the DNA inside a nucleus, and suddenly,
instead of dividing in a measured fashion, a cell begins to copy itself
furiously. Unlike an ordinary cell, it never stops. But describing the
process isn’t the same as figuring it out. Cancer cells are so radically
different from normal ones that it’s almost impossible to untangle the
sequence of events that made them that way. So for years researchers have
been attacking the problem by taking normal cells and trying to determine
what changes will turn them cancerous-always without success.
According to a report in the current issue of Nature, a team of scientists
based at M.I.T.’s Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research has finally
managed to make human cells malignant---a feat they accomplished with two
different cell types by inserting just three altered genes into their DNA.
While these manipulations were done only in lab dishes and won’t lead to
any immediate treatment, they appear to be a crucial step in understanding
the disease. This is a "landmark paper," wrote Jonathan Weitzman and Moshe
Yaniv of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, in an accompanying commentary.
The dramatic new result traces back to a breakthrough in 1983, when the
Whitehead’s Robert Weinberg and colleagues showed that mouse cells would
become cancerous when subjected to two altered genes. But when they tried
such alterations on human cells, they didn’t work. Since then, scientists
have learned that mouse cells differ from human cells in an important
respect: they have higher levels of an enzyme called telomerase. That
enzyme keeps caplike structures called telomeres on the ends of
chromosomes from getting shorter with each round of cell division. Such
shortening is part of a cell’s aging process, and since cancer cells keep
dividing forever, the Whitehead group reasoned that making human cells
more mouselike might also make them cancerous.
The strategy worked. The scientists took connective-tissue and kidney
cells and introduce three altered genes---one that makes cells divide
rapidly; another that disables two substances meant to rein in excessive
division; and a third that promotes the production of telomerase, which
made the cells essentially immortal. They’d created a tumor in a test
tube. "Some people believed that telomerase wasn’t that important," says
the Whitehead’s William Hahn, the study’s lead author. "This allows us to
say with some certainty that it is."
85. The problem that has been annoying cancer researchers for years is the
difficulty in telling
A. how cancer cells are formed.
B. why cancer cells never stop dividing.
C. why normal cells can mm into cancer cells.
D. how different normal cells are from cancer cells.
86. Whitehead’s scientists have succeeded in
A. developing malignant cells in human bodies.
B. making normal human cells cancerous.
C. controlling the change of human cells.
D. changing the genes of cancer cells.
87. In the 1983 experiment, human cells didn’t work the way mouse cells
did because the former
A. were easier to become aged.
B. checked telomerase in dividing.
C. had short ends of chromosomes.
D. lacked telomeres for cell division.
88. To make human cells more mouselike scientists tried
A. to subject them to two more genes.
B. to keep the division from slowing down.
C. to promote the production of telomerase.
D. to prevent excessive cells copying.
89. One key factor in creating tumor with human cells is
A. lengthening the ends of chromosomes.
B. altering the structure of telomeres.
C. increasing the levels of telomerase.
D. modulating the cell dividing process.
90. According to the passage, the Whitehead research has taken a big step
in
A. understanding cancer.
B. curing cancer disease.
C. eliminating cancer.
D. preventing cancer.
PAPERTWO
PARTV TRANSLATION (25minutes，10points)
Directions：Put the following passage into English．Write your English
version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
科学是开放的知识体系，是一种属于全人类的不断进步的文化。科学是历史的，也在不断改变、塑造自身的形象。只要科学以人类的最大福祉、人性的提升为目标，科学就能重塑自我，赢得人们的依赖。但对科学的尊重不能是盲目的，赶时髦的。科学对于生产力甚至赚钱都有帮助，但科学并不沦为一种经济手段，也不沦为利益竞争对手之间的筹码。
PARTVI WRITING (35minutes，15points)
Directions：Write an essay of at least l50words on the topic given below.
Use the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
There is no denying that the average living standard of our country has
greatly increased since the economic reform started20 years ago.However,
neither is it deniable that there has been a growing contrast in income
between the rich and the poor. What do you think of this contrast in our
country? State your opinion with appropriate supporting details． |
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千斤顶
显身卡
发表于 2011-8-22 14:06:01
