标题: 考博英语重点语法总结与练习（20） [打印本页] 作者: 嘎嘣脆 时间: 2012-12-16 13:40 标题: 考博英语重点语法总结与练习（20） 4）不定式与动名词的逻辑主语和分词独立结构
1)不定式的逻辑主语为：for +名词(或代词宾格)+ 不定式。例如：
I found it impossible for him to do the job alone．我发现他—个人干这活是不可能的。
(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词后面，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：
It was wise of him to do that．他那样做是明智的。
2)动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词’s+动名词。例如：
Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。
He dislikes his wife’s working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。
3)某些形容词，如：careless等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。这类词主要有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等
It is very kind of you to help me．你帮助我太好了。
间或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。
It’s a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遗憾了公司里有这么多的麻烦。
7．非谓语动词中的有关句型
（1）动名词作主语的句型
1）Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth.
It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。
It is a great fun playing football．打篮球很有趣。
It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。
3)It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth．
It is useless speaking.光说没用。
It is nice seeing you again．真高兴又遇到了你。
It is good Playing chess after supper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。
It is expensive running this car．开这种小车是浪费。
4)There is no + doing.．.(there is no 表“不可能”)
There is no telling what he is going to do．说出他要干什么是不可能的。
There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。
5)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)+doing sth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性)
There is no use crying over spilt milk．牛奶洒了，哭也无用。
6)have difficulty /trouble/problem + (in)+doing
have作有解时，后接情感名词(in可省略)，再接动名词。这类词还有trouble, fun, a hard time, a good time.
例如：We had difficulty (in) carrying out the plan．我们执行计划有困难。
7)feel like + 名词 感觉像动名词 “ 想要” =would like to +原形动词
I feel like a newborn baby．我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。
Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗?
I don’t feel like studying tonight．今晚我不想读书。
8) spend/waste time doing sth.
They spent a lot time (in) making preparations．他们花了许多时间作准备。
9)在require后只能用动名词，不能用不定式，尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。
This problem requires studying with great care．这个问题需要仔细研究。
10）cannot help doing sth.忍不住（做什么）
I cannot help laughing, once I see john in that big trouser.