72. “In short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.” (1994-72)
本句可以分四个意群确定词义。
第一个意群：in short简言之school学派contend 坚持认为，争辩，讨论
第二个意群：the scientific revolution 科学革命(不要译成“科技革命”)
as we call it 我们所谓的(科学革命)
第三个意群：largely 在很大程度上a series of一系列instruments器具、仪器
72. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (1995-72)
本句可以分三个意群确定词义。
第一个意群：How well the predictions will be validated by later performance。
how well字面意思是“多好”，用来形容动词validated的程度，可变通为“在多大程度上”
第二个意群：depend on一般译为“取决于”
amount 数量reliability可靠性(增词法)
appropriateness 适宜性，合适性(增词法)
information used 所用的信息(定语前置)
注意：名词+of+名词---后面的名词整个作前面名词的定语。
第三个意群：with which it is interpreted，其中it指代information。with译成“用于”。被动语态可以变成主动语态：The information is interpreted with the skill and wisdom.(也取决于用来解释这些信息(所用的)技巧和智慧”。
例三，
62. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(2003-62)
本句可以分三个意群确定词义。
第一个意群：
social science社会科学 branch分支intellectual enquiry知识探索
第三个意群：with which it is interpreted，其中it指代information。with译成“用于”。被动语态可以变成主动语态：The information is interpreted with the skill and wisdom.(也取决于用来解释这些信息(所用的)技巧和智慧”。
例三，
62. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(2003-62)
本句可以分三个意群确定词义。
第一个意群：
social science社会科学 branch分支intellectual enquiry知识探索