其实不然,黄教授只注意到中文原文,没有注意去核对原文英文,在英文原文中,不论是“认识到”,还是“承认”,都是一个词,即“ acknowledges”,也就是黄教授一再证明的中文“认识到”的对应词!下面是《上海公报》的这一部分英文原文:The United States acknowledges that all Chinese on the either side of Taiwan Strait maintain there is but one China and that Taiwan is a part of China。《建交公报》中的相关原文如下:The Government of the United States of America acknowledges the Chinese position that there is but one China and Taiwan is a part of China(1)。
黄教授已经以充分的语义学材料,无可辩驳地说明了,至少在外交语言中,英文的 recognize(承认)和acknowledge(认识到,台湾译为认知)是存在明显差别的,不能混用。笔者再以《八一七公报》援引《建交公报》的哪一段文字为例,来说明它们的差别:“美利坚合众国承认中华人民共和国政府是中国唯一合法的政府,并承认中国的立场,即只有一个中国,台湾是中国的一部分。”英文原文是:“ the United States of America recognized the Government of the People’s republic of China as the sole legal government of China, and it acknowledged the Chinese position that there is but one China and Taiwan is a part of China”。
(1)很多有关中美关系的史书都把《上海公报》和《建交公报》作为附录,供认参考。为慎重起见,笔者特别从权威著述中核对引用,两个公报中文原文分别见韩念龙主编:《当代中国外交》,北京:中国社会科学出版社,1990,第419-423页和第429页;《上海公报》英文原文见Public papers of the President of the United States, Richard Nixon,1972 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1974), pp. 376-379; 《建交公报》英文原文见The Department of State, American Foreign Policy: Basic Documents, 1977-1980 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1985), pp.1038-1039。
(2)The Asia Quarterly (Japan) 15 (4) (April, 1985): 70.
(3)《八一七公报》中英文英文分别见韩念龙前引书,第430-431页;The Department of State, American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1982 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1983), pp. 967-968。
(4)全文见韩念龙前引书,第426页。
(5)同上,第419页。