因为本人刚好给本科生开设《当代西方政治哲学》课,并且我使用的正是金里卡的原版教材Contemporary Political Philosophy An Introduction。刘莘的译本我在今年三月份就已买到,只是没有认真读过,也没有与原著比较过。既然有学术翻译会议与会者的一再提及,有良好的销量,还有钱教授、丁丁教授的推荐,看来这是一本非读不可的著作了。因此,在北京会议结束以后,我感到有必要好好地研读一番《当代政治哲学》,以便向同学们推荐。
这样的翻译是可怕的。既然刘莘先生在“译后记”里坦诚地表示了自己的以下希望:“希望译本的质量能得到广大读者的‘公共’认可”(第891页),因此,我不得不明确地表达我作为一个读者的意见:《当代政治哲学》是一部不合格的译著。另外需要指出的是,刘莘在同一个地方声称“译者吸收了许多专门术语的先行译法,也修正了其中一些不妥甚至误导人的译法”(第891-892页)。我想刘莘想纠正的一个自以为最大的错误是,译界对罗尔斯A Theory of Justice译名的翻译,刘莘主张把它译成《一种正义理论》而不是《正义论》,我认为,这种纠正是可笑的。
(1)So these two defences of the free market are
contingent ones. More importantly, they are instrumental
defences of the free market. They tell us that market
freedoms are a means for promoting maximal utility, or
for protecting political and civil liberties. On these
accounts, we do not favour the free market because people
have rights to property. Rather we give people property
rights as a way of increasing utility or stabilizing
democracy, and if we could promote utility or stability
some other way, then we could legitimately restrict
property rights.( Contemporary Political Philosophy: An
Introduction, P.103).
(2)再比如,for example, one common argument for
unrestricted capitalism is its productivity, its claim
to be maximally efficient at increasing social wealth.
Many utilitarians, convinced of the truth of that claim,
favour the free market, since its efficiency allows for
the greatest overall satisfaction of preferences. But
the utilitarian commitment to capitalism is necessarily
a contingent ones.(Contemporary Political Philosophy:
An Introduction, P.102)
(3)又如,Libertarianism differs from other right-wing
theories in its claim that redistributive taxation is
inherently wrong, a violation of people’s rights. People
have a right to dispose freely of their goods and services,
and they have this right whether or not it is the best way
to ensure productivity.(P。102)
(4)As Robert Nozick put it, ‘individuals have rights,
and there are things which no person or group may do to
them(without violating their rights). So strong and
far-reaching are these rights that they raise the question
of what, if anything, the state and its officials may do’.
(Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Introduction, P.103)