从最近几年考研的题目主旨来看,2002年对外文化交流,2003温室里的花朵经不起风雨,2004终点又是新起点,2005被遗弃的老人,2006贝克汉姆与追星,2007面对困难,参考教育部《考试分析》所给出的部分范文来看,在最近几年的文章中均比较侧重考生举例的能力,而且也都举出了有针对性的例子,如爱迪生,缇萦,超女等。因而考生如何在短短的几十分钟内举出一个成熟的论证例子并且同时兼具较好的语言结构呢?
从近几年举例的思路来看,例子应该以人为主,辅以对例证人物的描述,并说明其对所论述观点提供支持,在短短几句话内完成,如何合理地组织语言是首要考虑。
松散例证法
松散例证就是用简短句组成对人物的简要描述,并用特定连词将前后描述联系起来,其往往可以使用固定句式开头,如:
—Take sb. for example
—One of the best examples is that of sb.
—The example of sb. best supports the view
而下面的句子则可以使用连词连接简单句,推荐几种结构常在连接结构时使用:
—……, and he went on/continued to do sth.
—……, but he never/hardly did sth.
—……, thus/thereby doing sth.
—……, instead of doing sth.
例:
The example of Thomas Edison best supports the view. He achieved innumerable honors throughout his life, but he never abandoned his pursuit of new purposes.
结构例证法
结构例证法可以从容地将对于人物的简要描述直接联系起来,从而便于考生直接添加合适的信息,并且运用良好的句式结构把句子内容组织起来。
人物描述无外乎几个方面:
人物的特点,可以选用形容词概括;
人物的内容,可以使用定语从句丰富;
再使用定语从句将例证语言和人物描述联系起来;
必要的话还可以使用同位语从句再度引用上文提出的观点bsp; 人物概括 ), 人物 , who 描述丰富 , 描述 , which best exemplifies the view that 观点 /is often viewed as the best example of the view that 观点
例:
The famous Chinese athlete, LiuXiang, who has won the Olympic golden medal and kept the world record, is never afraid of being challenged and regards his process of racing as a pleasure, which is often viewed as the best example of the view that confidence is necessary in people’s career.(2007)
以上的方法均可以用来在考研写作中举出合适的例子,当然考生可以在该句式的基础上再行改进,以进一步丰富语言表达。望广大考生都能写出理想的例子,在考研中拔得头筹。